Lopes Ferreira Nicolas, Malandain Cédric, Fayolle-Guichard Françoise
Biotechnology and Biomass Chemistry Department, Institut Français du Pétrole, 1-4 avenue de Bois-Préau, 92852, Rueil-Malmaison, France.
Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 2006 Sep;72(2):252-62. doi: 10.1007/s00253-006-0494-3. Epub 2006 Jun 28.
Fuel oxygenates, mainly methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) but also ethyl tert-butyl ether (ETBE), are added to gasoline in replacement of lead tetraethyl to enhance its octane index. Their addition also improves the combustion efficiency and therefore decreases the emission of pollutants (CO and hydrocarbons). On the other hand, MTBE, being highly soluble in water and recalcitrant to biodegradation, is a major pollutant of water in aquifers contaminated by MTBE-supplemented gasoline during accidental release. MTBE was shown to be degraded through cometabolic oxidation or to be used as a carbon and energy source by a few microorganisms. We have summarized the present state of knowledge about the microorganisms involved in MTBE degradation and the MTBE catabolic pathways. The role of the different enzymes is discussed as well as the rare and recent data concerning the genes encoding the enzymes involved in the MTBE pathway. The phylogeny of the microorganisms isolated for their capacity to grow on MTBE is also described.
燃料含氧化合物，主要是甲基叔丁基醚（MTBE），但也包括乙基叔丁基醚（ETBE），被添加到汽油中以取代四乙基铅，从而提高其辛烷值。它们的添加还提高了燃烧效率，因此减少了污染物（一氧化碳和碳氢化合物）的排放。另一方面，MTBE高度溶于水且难被生物降解，是在意外泄漏期间被含MTBE汽油污染的含水层中的主要水污染物。MTBE已被证明可通过共代谢氧化降解，或被少数微生物用作碳源和能源。我们总结了目前关于参与MTBE降解的微生物和MTBE分解代谢途径的知识现状。讨论了不同酶的作用以及关于MTBE途径中涉及的酶的编码基因的稀少且最新的数据。还描述了因其在MTBE上生长的能力而分离出的微生物的系统发育。
