Reich Stephanie M, Reich Jennifer A
Department of Psychology and Human Development, Center for Evaluation and Program Improvement, Vanderbilt University, 1212 21st Ave, 3rd Floor, Nashville, TN 37203, USA.
Am J Community Psychol. 2006 Sep;38(1-2):51-62. doi: 10.1007/s10464-006-9064-1.
There is growing recognition of the need by funding agencies, universities, and research units for interdisciplinary research to tackle complex societal problems that cannot be adequately addressed by single disciplines alone. Interdisciplinary collaboration capitalizes on a diversity of perspectives and practices that each discipline offers in hopes of providing innovative solutions to multifaceted problems. However, for interdisciplinary work to be effective, members of the collaboration must recognize that cultural differences exist between and within disciplines. This paper conceptualizes disciplines as cultural groups and advocates for culturally competent practices to facilitate interdisciplinary research and practice. Specifically, each participant in interdisciplinary collaborations must value diversity, develop the capacity for self-assessment, work towards understanding one's own disciplinary culture, and be sensitive to the dynamics inherent when cultures interact. Additionally, members of any interdisciplinary endeavor must be cognizant of power dynamics at play and avoid such things as tokenism, informal hierarchies, and disciplinary policing. Through awareness of one's own disciplinary culture and sensitivity to others, interdisciplinary research and practice may provide creative solutions to important problems.
资助机构、大学和研究单位越来越认识到，需要开展跨学科研究来解决复杂的社会问题，这些问题单靠单一学科无法充分解决。跨学科合作利用了各学科提供的各种观点和实践方法，以期为多方面的问题提供创新解决方案。然而，要使跨学科工作有效，合作成员必须认识到不同学科之间以及学科内部存在文化差异。本文将学科概念化为文化群体，并提倡采用具有文化胜任力的做法来促进跨学科研究与实践。具体而言，跨学科合作的每位参与者都必须重视多样性，培养自我评估能力，努力了解自己的学科文化，并对文化互动时固有的动态变化保持敏感。此外，任何跨学科工作的成员都必须认识到其中存在的权力动态关系，并避免诸如装点门面、非正式等级制度和学科监管等情况。通过了解自身的学科文化并对他人保持敏感，跨学科研究与实践或许能为重要问题提供创造性的解决方案。
