变量延迟对自我控制的影响。
The effect of variable delays on self-control.
出版信息
J Exp Anal Behav. 1994 Jul;62(1):33-43. doi: 10.1901/jeab.1994.62-33.
Five pigeons served as subjects in an experiment that examined the effects of variable as opposed to fixed delays on preference in a self-control paradigm (choice between larger, more delayed and smaller, less delayed reinforcers). Nonindependent concurrent variable-interval schedules were used to measure choice. When delays to the larger, more delayed reinforcers were variable as opposed to fixed, the subjects showed an increased preference for that alternative (the self-control alternative). A series of regressions revealed that the hyperbolic decay model and incentive theory provided poor fits to the data, but a modified version of the generalized matching law provided an adequate fit. Together, consistent with a general prediction made by discounting models, the data supported the conclusion that variable delays can increase self-control. However, specific discounting models were not able to explain the present data well.
在一项实验中，五只鸽子被用作研究对象，该实验考察了在自我控制范式（在较大、较迟的强化物和较小、较早的强化物之间进行选择）中，变化的而非固定的延迟对偏好的影响。非独立的同时性变时距程序被用来测量选择。当较大、较迟的强化物的延迟是变化的而非固定的时，被试表现出对该选择（自我控制选择）的偏好增加。一系列回归分析表明，双曲线衰减模型和激励理论对数据的拟合较差，但广义匹配律的一个修正版本提供了较好的拟合。总的来说，与折扣模型的一般预测一致，数据支持这样的结论，即变化的延迟可以增加自我控制。然而，具体的折扣模型并不能很好地解释目前的数据。
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