Djelloul Zidane, Djelloul Abdelkader, Bedjaoui Abdelhamid, Kaid-Omar Zohra, Attar Abderrahmane, Daudon Michel, Addou Ahmed
Faculté de Médecine, Département de Pharmacie, Université de Sidi-Bel-Abbès, Algérie.
Prog Urol. 2006 Jun;16(3):328-35.
The prevalence of urinary stones runs parallel with the socioeconomic and health level of populations. Few data are currently available concerning the characteristics of urinary stones in Algeria. Based on our recruitment of stones derived from the main teaching hospital urology departments of Western Algeria, we defined the stone profile in this region of North Africa and its changes in relation to previous data.
A series of 1,354 stones derived from urology departments in Western Algeria was studied by IRTF spectroscopy. Analysis of the results concerned the crystalline composition and anatomical site of the stones and the age and gender of the patients.
Conventional surgery is the method of extraction most frequently used with 79.7% of operations contre 0.2% for extracorporeal lithotripsy. The male/female ratio has remained almost constant at 2.23. The anatomical site has changed with a predominance in the upper tract (77.4% of stones). The proportions of whewellite and weddellite have increased compared to our first series, from 48.1% to 50.3% and 13.1% to 16.7%, respectively, while phosphates decreased from 24.4% to 16.7%. The presence of struvite has not decreased over recent years, as 28.8% of stones contain this type of crystal. Anhydrous uric acid has slightly increased to 8.8% versus 6.2%. The proportions of ammonium urate and cystine have not changed (1.8% and 0.7%, respectively), but ammonium urate forms is less frequently the nucleus of stones than previously (2% versus 5.89%). The study of the nucleus showed that phosphates are predominant in 48.6% of cases versus 35.6% for oxalates. Carbapatite and struvite are more frequent in women, found in 50.8% and 6.7% of cases, respectively, than in man, found in 44.6% and 3.7% of cases, respectively. Calcium oxalate is predominantly found in the upper urinary tract (70.9%) rather than in the bladder (48.3%), regardless of gender. Calcium phosphate is more abundant in the upper tract of females with 23.7% of cases versus 10.7% in the bladder. It is equally distributed between the bladder and the upper tract in males (13.7% and 13.2%, respectively). Examination of the side affected by stones showed a predominance of the left side in both sexes.
Analysis of these data shows that urinary stones in Western Algeria are tending to evolve in the same direction as in industrialized countries, but urinary tract infection remais a frequent cause of stones.
尿石症的患病率与人群的社会经济和健康水平密切相关。目前关于阿尔及利亚尿石症特征的数据较少。基于我们收集的来自阿尔及利亚西部主要教学医院泌尿外科的结石样本，我们确定了北非该地区的结石特征及其与以往数据相比的变化。
采用红外透射光谱法对来自阿尔及利亚西部泌尿外科的1354颗结石样本进行了研究。对结果的分析涉及结石的晶体成分、解剖部位以及患者的年龄和性别。
传统手术是最常用的取石方法，占手术的79.7%，而体外冲击波碎石术仅占0.2%。男女比例几乎保持不变，为2.23。结石的解剖部位发生了变化，上尿路结石占主导地位（77.4%）。与我们的首个系列相比，水草酸钙和水合草酸钙的比例有所增加，分别从48.1%增至50.3%和从13.1%增至16.7%，而磷酸盐从24.4%降至16.7%。近年来鸟粪石的比例并未下降，28.8%的结石含有这种晶体。无水尿酸略有增加，从6.2%增至8.8%。尿酸铵和胱氨酸的比例没有变化（分别为1.8%和0.7%），但尿酸铵作为结石核心的情况比以前更少（2%对5.89%）。结石核心的研究表明，48.6%的病例中磷酸盐占主导，而草酸盐占35.6%。磷酸八钙和鸟粪石在女性中更为常见，分别在50.8%和6.7%的病例中发现，而在男性中分别为44.6%和3.7%。无论性别，草酸钙主要存在于上尿路（70.9%）而非膀胱（48.3%）。磷酸钙在女性上尿路中更为丰富，占病例的23.7%，而在膀胱中为10.7%。在男性中，磷酸钙在膀胱和上尿路中的分布相当（分别为13.7%和13.2%）。对结石患侧的检查显示，男女均以左侧为主。
这些数据分析表明，阿尔及利亚西部的尿石症发展趋势与工业化国家相同，但尿路感染仍是结石的常见病因。
