Bang Oh Young
Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 50 Irwon-dong, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 135-710, South Korea.
Curr Atheroscler Rep. 2006 Jul;8(4):330-6. doi: 10.1007/s11883-006-0012-1.
Stroke is the second leading cause of mortality world-wide and is well suited for prevention because it has a high prevalence, high burden of economic cost, well-defined modifiable risk factors, and effective prevention measures. Atherosclerosis is one of the major mechanisms of ischemic stroke, but the apparent differences in risk factors for intra- and extracranial atherosclerosis are unclear and the mechanisms that underlie strokes in patients with intracranial atherosclerosis are not well known. Consequently, patients with intracranial stenosis receive the same treatment as those with carotid -atherosclerosis. Several novel substances have emerged recently as risk factors for atherosclerosis. Specifically, it has recently been suggested that both the metabolic syndrome, which refers to a constellation of metabolic risk factors that are linked to insulin resistance, and vascular inflammation are associated with increased risk of coronary heart disease and stroke. The results of the studies reviewed here suggest that these factors play a differential role in the development of atherosclerotic stroke between the intra- and extracranial arterial systems.
中风是全球第二大致死原因，因其患病率高、经济成本负担重、可改变的危险因素明确且有有效的预防措施，所以非常适合进行预防。动脉粥样硬化是缺血性中风的主要机制之一，但颅内和颅外动脉粥样硬化危险因素的明显差异尚不清楚，颅内动脉粥样硬化患者中风的潜在机制也不为人所知。因此，颅内狭窄患者接受与颈动脉粥样硬化患者相同的治疗。最近出现了几种新的物质作为动脉粥样硬化的危险因素。具体而言，最近有人提出，代谢综合征（指与胰岛素抵抗相关的一系列代谢危险因素）和血管炎症都与冠心病和中风风险增加有关。本文综述的研究结果表明，这些因素在颅内和颅外动脉系统动脉粥样硬化性中风的发生发展中起不同作用。
