Ström P, Hedman L, Särnå L, Kjellin A, Wredmark T, Felländer-Tsai L
Division of Orthopaedics, Department for Science Intervention and Technology, Center for Advanced Medical Simulation, Karolinska Institutet at Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, SE 141 86, Stockholm, Sweden.
Surg Endosc. 2006 Sep;20(9):1383-8. doi: 10.1007/s00464-005-0545-3. Epub 2006 Jul 3.
In the literature of skill acquisition and transfer of skills, it often is assumed that the rate of skill acquisition depends on what has been learned in a similar context (i.e., surgical simulators providing haptic feedback). This study aimed to analyze whether the addition of haptic feedback early in the training phase for image-guided surgical simulation improves performance.
A randomized crossover study design was used, in which 38 surgical residents were randomized to begin a 2-h simulator training session with either haptic or nonhaptic training followed by crossover after 1 h. The graphic context was a virtual upper abdomen. The residents performed two diathermy tasks. Two validated tests were used to control for differences in visual-spatial ability: the BasIQ general cognitive ability test and Mental Rotation Test A (MRT-A).
After 2 h of training, the group that had started with haptic feedback performed the two diathermy tasks significantly better (p < 0.05, unpaired t-test). Only the group that had started with haptic training significantly improved during the last 1-h session (p < 0.01, paired t-test).
The findings indicate that haptic feedback could be important in the early training phase of skill acquisition in image-guided surgical simulator training.
在技能习得与技能转移的文献中，通常认为技能习得的速度取决于在类似情境中所学的内容（即提供触觉反馈的手术模拟器）。本研究旨在分析在图像引导手术模拟训练阶段早期添加触觉反馈是否能提高表现。
采用随机交叉研究设计，38名外科住院医师被随机分为两组，一组以触觉训练开始进行2小时的模拟器训练，另一组以非触觉训练开始，1小时后交叉。图形背景为虚拟上腹部。住院医师执行两项电灼任务。使用两项经过验证的测试来控制视觉空间能力的差异：BasIQ一般认知能力测试和心理旋转测试A（MRT-A）。
经过2小时的训练，以触觉反馈开始训练的组在两项电灼任务中的表现明显更好（p < 0.05，独立样本t检验）。只有以触觉训练开始的组在最后1小时的训练中表现出显著改善（p < 0.日，配对样本t检验）。
研究结果表明，在图像引导手术模拟器训练的技能习得早期阶段，触觉反馈可能很重要。
