多动症和非多动症参与者社区样本中青少年药物使用的前瞻性研究。
Prospective study of adolescent drug use among community samples of ADHD and non-ADHD participants.
作者信息
August Gerald J, Winters Ken C, Realmuto George M, Fahnhorst Tamara, Botzet Andria, Lee Susanne
机构信息
Department of Psychiatry, University of Minnesota Medical Center, Minneapolis, MN 55454, USA.
出版信息
J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2006 Jul;45(7):824-32. doi: 10.1097/01.chi.0000219831.16226.f8.
OBJECTIVE
To describe the late adolescent drug use outcomes from a relatively large, community-identified sample of children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) who have been assessed longitudinally from childhood through late adolescence.
METHOD
Adolescent drug use outcomes were compared between ADHD-only (n = 27), ADHD-externalizing (mostly oppositional defiant disorder) (n = 82), and normal control (n = 91) groups.
RESULTS
The ADHD-externalizing group revealed significantly worse drug use outcomes (drug use frequency and substance use disorders) compared to the other two groups, and the ADHD-only group showed outcomes comparable to the community control group.
CONCLUSIONS
ADHD without a comorbid externalizing disorder is not associated with an increased risk of drug abuse. ADHD with a comorbid externalizing disorder, primarily oppositional defiant disorder, is associated with an elevated risk of drug use, particularly with respect to marijuana and tobacco involvement.
目的
描述从童年期到青春期后期经过纵向评估的、相对较大的、由社区识别出的注意力缺陷/多动障碍（ADHD）儿童样本在青少年晚期的药物使用结果。
方法
比较仅患有ADHD（n = 27）、患有ADHD且有外化问题（主要是对立违抗障碍）（n = 82）和正常对照组（n = 91）之间青少年药物使用结果。
结果
与其他两组相比，患有ADHD且有外化问题的组显示出明显更差的药物使用结果（药物使用频率和物质使用障碍），且仅患有ADHD的组显示出与社区对照组相当的结果。
结论
没有共病外化障碍的ADHD与药物滥用风险增加无关。患有共病外化障碍（主要是对立违抗障碍）的ADHD与药物使用风险升高有关，尤其是在涉及大麻和烟草方面。
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