Roark Dana A, O'Toole Alice J, Abdi Hervé, Barrett Susan E
School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75083-0688, USA.
Perception. 2006;35(6):761-73. doi: 10.1068/p5503.
Familiarity with a face or person can support recognition in tasks that require generalization to novel viewing contexts. Using naturalistic viewing conditions requiring recognition of people from face or whole body gait stimuli, we investigated the effects of familiarity, facial motion, and direction of learning/test transfer on person recognition. Participants were familiarized with previously unknown people from gait videos and were tested on faces (experiment 1a) or were familiarized with faces and were tested with gait videos (experiment 1b). Recognition was more accurate when learning from the face and testing with the gait videos, than when learning from the gait videos and testing with the face. The repetition of a single stimulus, either the face or gait, produced strong recognition gains across transfer conditions. Also, the presentation of moving faces resulted in better performance than that of static faces. In experiment 2, we investigated the role of facial motion further by testing recognition with static profile images. Motion provided no benefit for recognition, indicating that structure-from-motion is an unlikely source of the motion advantage found in the first set of experiments.
熟悉一张面孔或一个人有助于在需要推广到新观看情境的任务中进行识别。我们利用要求从面部或全身步态刺激中识别人员的自然观看条件,研究了熟悉度、面部运动以及学习/测试转移方向对人员识别的影响。参与者通过步态视频熟悉之前不认识的人,并接受面部测试(实验1a),或者通过面部熟悉,并接受步态视频测试(实验1b)。与从步态视频学习并进行面部测试相比,从面部学习并进行步态视频测试时识别更准确。单一刺激(面部或步态)的重复在不同转移条件下都带来了显著的识别提升。此外,动态面部呈现的识别表现优于静态面部。在实验2中,我们通过使用静态侧面图像测试识别,进一步研究了面部运动的作用。运动对识别没有帮助,这表明运动产生结构并非第一组实验中发现的运动优势的来源。