Cicerone Keith, Levin Harvey, Malec James, Stuss Donald, Whyte John
JFK Johnson Rehabilitation Institute.
J Cogn Neurosci. 2006 Jul;18(7):1212-22. doi: 10.1162/jocn.2006.18.7.1212.
Executive function mediated by prefrontally driven distributed networks is frequently impaired by traumatic brain injury (TBI) as a result of diffuse axonal injury and focal lesions. In addition to executive cognitive functions such as planning and working memory, the effects of TBI impact social cognition and motivation processes. To encourage application of cognitive neuroscience methods to studying recovery from TBI, associated reorganization of function, and development of interventions, this article reviews the pathophysiology of TBI, critiques currently employed methods of assessing executive function, and evaluates promising interventions that reflect advances in cognitive neuroscience. Brain imaging to identify neural mechanisms mediating executive dysfunction and response to interventions following TBI is also discussed.
由前额叶驱动的分布式网络介导的执行功能经常因创伤性脑损伤（TBI）导致的弥漫性轴突损伤和局灶性病变而受损。除了规划和工作记忆等执行认知功能外，TBI的影响还涉及社会认知和动机过程。为了鼓励将认知神经科学方法应用于研究TBI后的恢复、相关功能重组以及干预措施的开发，本文回顾了TBI的病理生理学，批评了目前用于评估执行功能的方法，并评估了反映认知神经科学进展的有前景的干预措施。还讨论了用于识别介导TBI后执行功能障碍和对干预反应的神经机制的脑成像。
