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身份认同与抵制:为何精神关怀需要“敌人”。

Identity and resistance: why spiritual care needs 'enemies'.

作者信息

Swinton John

机构信息

Practical Theology and Pastoral Care, University of Aberdeen, Scotland, UK.

出版信息

J Clin Nurs. 2006 Jul;15(7):918-28. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2702.2006.01651.x.

Abstract

AIMS

This paper explores certain key critiques of spirituality-in-nursing as they have been offered by people outside of the discipline. It argues that nurses have not taken seriously enough the recent criticism of the nature and role of spirituality in nursing. Not to listen to the 'enemies' of spirituality-in-nursing is to risk stagnation and a drift into obscurity.

BACKGROUND

The area of spirituality has become a growing field of interest for nurses and has produced a burgeoning body of research literature. Yet, whilst much has been written about the positive aspects of spirituality, nurses have offered almost no critique of the ways in which spirituality and spiritual care are understood, despite the fact that there are clearly certain key issues that require robust critique and thoughtful reflection. Almost all of the major criticisms of spirituality-in-nursing have come from people outside of the discipline of nursing. The paper argues that nurses need to listen carefully to the criticisms of spirituality and spiritual care offered by the 'enemies' of spiritual care in nursing. When listened to constructively, they highlight issues that are vital for the development and forward movement of this important area of nursing practice.

METHODS

Literature review and critical reflection on current critiques of spirituality in nursing practice.

CONCLUSIONS

The paper concludes that nurses need to begin to develop spirituality as a specific field of enquiry with its own bodies of knowledge, methodologies, assumptions and core disciplines.

RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE

In listening to and taking seriously its 'enemies', nursing has the opportunity to establish spirituality as an important, creative and vibrant aspect of nursing practice that has the capacity to grow and respond constructively to its 'enemies', in ways that make whole-person-care a real possibility.

摘要

目的

本文探讨了护理学领域以外的人士对护理中的灵性提出的某些关键批评。文章认为,护士们没有充分重视最近对护理中灵性的本质和作用的批评。不听从护理中灵性的“敌人”的意见,就有可能陷入停滞并逐渐被遗忘。

背景

灵性领域已成为护士们日益感兴趣的一个领域,并产生了大量不断涌现的研究文献。然而,尽管已经有很多关于灵性积极方面的著述,但护士们几乎没有对灵性和灵性护理的理解方式提出批评,尽管显然存在某些关键问题需要进行有力的批评和深入的思考。几乎所有对护理中灵性的主要批评都来自护理学领域以外的人。本文认为,护士们需要认真听取护理中灵性护理的“敌人”对灵性和灵性护理提出的批评。如果以建设性的方式去倾听,这些批评会凸显出对这一重要护理实践领域的发展和进步至关重要的问题。

方法

对当前护理实践中灵性批评的文献综述和批判性反思。

结论

本文得出结论,护士们需要开始将灵性发展为一个具有自身知识体系、方法、假设和核心学科的特定研究领域。

与临床实践的相关性

通过倾听并认真对待其“敌人”,护理有机会将灵性确立为护理实践中一个重要、有创造性且充满活力的方面,使其有能力成长并以切实可行的方式建设性地回应其“敌人”,从而使全人护理成为现实。

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