de Cássia Braga Ribeiro Karina, de Camargo Beatriz
Centro de Tratamento e Pesquisa Hospital do Câncer A C Camargo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol. 2006 Jul;20(4):323-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-3016.2006.00738.x.
Mortality from childhood cancers has shown substantial declines in developed countries since 1960, with smaller favourable trends in South America. This study describes mortality trends in renal childhood cancer mortality in São Paulo state, Brazil, from 1980 to 2000. The age-standardised mortality rates among the boys decreased from 0.36 per 100,000 inhabitants in 1984 to 0.09 in 1992, whereas the observed corresponding decline among girls was from 0.43 per 100,000 inhabitants in 1981 to 0.07 in 1990. Statistically significant declining trends in mortality rates were observed for boys (adjusted r(2) = 0.51, P < 0.001) and also for girls (adjusted r(2) = 0.40, P = 0.002), achieving in this group a significant reduction in age-standardised mortality rates in the period (annual percentage change = -4.21). Consistent decrease in mortality rates from childhood renal cancer was noted at São Paulo state. In the absence of changes in incidence rates, this decline could be attributed to the improvement in treatment protocols and supportive measures.
自1960年以来，发达国家儿童癌症死亡率大幅下降，南美洲的下降趋势较小。本研究描述了1980年至2000年巴西圣保罗州儿童肾癌死亡率的趋势。男孩的年龄标准化死亡率从1984年的每10万居民0.36降至1992年的0.09，而女孩的相应下降则从1981年的每10万居民0.43降至1990年的0.07。男孩（调整后r(2)=0.51，P<0.001）和女孩（调整后r(2)=0.40，P=0.002）的死亡率均呈现出统计学上显著的下降趋势，该组在此期间年龄标准化死亡率显著降低（年变化率=-4.21）。圣保罗州儿童肾癌死亡率持续下降。在发病率无变化的情况下，这种下降可归因于治疗方案和支持措施的改善。
