Wang Ranxiao Frances, Crowell James A, Simons Daniel J, Irwin David E, Kramer Arthur F, Ambinder Michael S, Thomas Laura E, Gosney Jessica L, Levinthal Brian R, Hsieh Brendon B
Department of Psychology and Beckman Institute, 603 E. Daniel St., Room 533, University of Illinois, Champaign, IL 61820, USA.
Psychon Bull Rev. 2006 Apr;13(2):281-6. doi: 10.3758/bf03193844.
Models of spatial updating attempt to explain how representations of spatial relationships between the actor and objects in the environment change as the actor moves. In allocentric models, object locations are encoded in an external reference frame, and only the actor's position and orientation in that reference frame need to be updated. Thus, spatial updating should be independent of the number of objects in the environment (set size). In egocentric updating models, object locations are encoded relative to the actor, so the location of each object relative to the actor must be updated as the actor moves. Thus, spatial updating efficiency should depend on set size. We examined which model better accounts for human spatial updating by having people reconstruct the locations of varying numbers of virtual objects either from the original study position or from a changed viewing position. In consistency with the egocentric updating model, object localization following a viewpoint change was affected by the number of objects in the environment.
空间更新模型试图解释随着主体移动，主体与环境中物体之间空间关系的表征是如何变化的。在以环境为中心的模型中，物体位置是在外部参考系中编码的，只需要更新主体在该参考系中的位置和方向。因此，空间更新应该与环境中物体的数量（集合大小）无关。在以自我为中心的更新模型中，物体位置是相对于主体编码的，所以随着主体移动，每个物体相对于主体的位置都必须更新。因此，空间更新效率应该取决于集合大小。我们通过让人们从原始研究位置或从改变后的观察位置重建不同数量虚拟物体的位置，来检验哪种模型能更好地解释人类的空间更新。与以自我为中心的更新模型一致，视角改变后的物体定位受环境中物体数量的影响。
