Bonomo Robert A, Szabo Dora
Louis Stokes Cleveland Dept. of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Section of Infectious Diseases, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA.
Clin Infect Dis. 2006 Sep 1;43 Suppl 2:S49-56. doi: 10.1086/504477.
Acinetobacter species and Pseudomonas aeruginosa are noted for their intrinsic resistance to antibiotics and for their ability to acquire genes encoding resistance determinants. Foremost among the mechanisms of resistance in both of these pathogens is the production of beta -lactamases and aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes. Additionally, diminished expression of outer membrane proteins, mutations in topoisomerases, and up-regulation of efflux pumps play an important part in antibiotic resistance. Unfortunately, the accumulation of multiple mechanisms of resistance leads to the development of multiply resistant or even "panresistant" strains.
不动杆菌属和铜绿假单胞菌以其对抗生素的固有耐药性以及获取编码耐药决定因子的基因的能力而闻名。在这两种病原体的耐药机制中，最重要的是β-内酰胺酶和氨基糖苷类修饰酶的产生。此外，外膜蛋白表达减少、拓扑异构酶突变以及外排泵上调在抗生素耐药性中也起重要作用。不幸的是，多种耐药机制的积累导致了多重耐药甚至“泛耐药”菌株的出现。
