Marco Jorge D, Bhutto Abdul M, Soomro Farooq R, Baloch Javed H, Barroso Paola A, Kato Hirotomo, Uezato Hiroshi, Katakura Ken, Korenaga Masataka, Nonaka Shigeo, Hashiguchi Yoshihisa
Department of Parasitology, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Kohasu, Kochi, Japan.
Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2006 Aug;75(2):261-6.
Seventeen Leishmania stocks isolated from cutaneous lesions of Pakistani patients were studied by multilocus enzyme electrophoresis and by polymerase chain reaction amplification and sequencing of the cytochrome b (Cyt b) gene. Eleven stocks that expressed nine zymodemes were assigned to L. (Leishmania) major. All of them were isolated from patients in the lowlands of Larkana district and Sibi city in Sindh and Balochistan provinces, respectively. The remaining six, distributed in two zymodemes (five and one), isolated from the highland of Quetta city, Balochistan, were identified as L. (L.) tropica. The same result at species level was obtained by the Cyt b sequencing for all the stocks examined. No clear-cut association between the clinical features (wet or dry type lesions) and the Leishmania species involved was found. Leishmania (L.) major was highly polymorphic compared with L. (L.) tropica. This difference may be explained by the fact that humans may act as a sole reservoir of L. (L.) tropica in anthroponotic cycles; however, many wild mammals can be reservoirs of L. (L.) major in zoonotic cycles.
通过多位点酶电泳以及细胞色素b（Cyt b）基因的聚合酶链反应扩增和测序，对从巴基斯坦患者皮肤损伤处分离出的17株利什曼原虫进行了研究。表达9种酶型的11株被归为硕大利什曼原虫（利什曼原虫属）。它们分别从信德省拉尔卡纳区低地和俾路支省锡比市的患者中分离得到。其余6株分布在两个酶型中（5株和1株），从俾路支省奎达市高地分离得到，被鉴定为热带利什曼原虫（利什曼原虫属）。对所有检测的虫株进行Cyt b测序，在物种水平上得到了相同的结果。未发现临床特征（湿性或干性损伤）与所涉及的利什曼原虫物种之间有明确的关联。与热带利什曼原虫（利什曼原虫属）相比，硕大利什曼原虫（利什曼原虫属）具有高度多态性。这种差异可能是由于在人源传播循环中，人类可能是热带利什曼原虫（利什曼原虫属）的唯一宿主；然而，在动物源传播循环中，许多野生哺乳动物可能是硕大利什曼原虫（利什曼原虫属）的宿主。
