Tunney Richard J, Bezzina Gilbert
School of Psychology, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom.
Acta Psychol (Amst). 2007 May;125(1):37-50. doi: 10.1016/j.actpsy.2006.06.002. Epub 2006 Aug 8.
Current theories of memory suggest that recognition is composed of separate processes of familiarity and recollection (e.g. [Yonelinas, A. P. (2002). The nature of recollection and familiarity: a review of 30 years of research. Journal of Memory and Language, 46, 441-517]). A key feature of these two processes is that they decay, or are forgotten at different rates. The dual-process model has also been useful in understanding artificial grammar learning. We obtained evidence for recollection and familiarity in artificial grammar learning by analyses of receiver operating characteristics (ROC). Furthermore we found that these were dissociated by retention intervals of 14 days. The slope of the zROC curves deviated reliably from 1 immediately after study and increased towards 1 suggesting that recollection contributed to recognition decisions but declined over the 14-day period leaving familiarity as the only basis for recognition. These data show similar patterns to those observed in word-recognition [Gardiner, J. M., & Java, R. I. (1991). Forgetting in recognition memory with and without recollective experience. Memory &Cognition, 19, 617-623; Tunney, R. J. (submitted for publication). Changes in the subjective experience of recognition over time suggest independent processes] and confirm the view that recollection and familiarity are implicated in artificial grammar learning. Moreover, the data confirm the finding that recollection and familiarity-based memory show different patterns of forgetting.
当前的记忆理论表明，识别由熟悉度和回忆这两个独立的过程组成（例如，[约内利纳斯，A. P.（2002年）。回忆与熟悉度的本质：30年研究综述。《记忆与语言杂志》，46卷，441 - 517页]）。这两个过程的一个关键特征是它们会衰退，或者以不同的速率被遗忘。双过程模型在理解人工语法学习方面也很有用。我们通过对接收者操作特征（ROC）的分析，获得了人工语法学习中回忆和熟悉度的证据。此外，我们发现这些在14天的保留间隔后出现了分离。在学习后立即，zROC曲线的斜率可靠地偏离1，并朝着1增加，这表明回忆对识别决策有贡献，但在14天的时间段内下降，使得熟悉度成为识别的唯一基础。这些数据显示出与在单词识别中观察到的模式相似的情况[加德纳，J. M.，& 贾瓦，R. I.（1991年）。有和没有回忆体验时识别记忆中的遗忘。《记忆与认知》，19卷，617 - 623页；滕尼，R. J.（已提交发表）。随着时间推移识别主观体验的变化表明存在独立过程]，并证实了回忆和熟悉度与人工语法学习有关的观点。此外，这些数据证实了回忆和基于熟悉度的记忆显示出不同遗忘模式的发现。
