Sanabria Federico, Sitomer Matthew T, Killeen Peter R
Department of Psychology, Arizona State University, Tempe 85287-1104, USA.
J Exp Anal Behav. 2006 Jul;86(1):1-10. doi: 10.1901/jeab.2006.36-05.
Twelve pigeons were exposed to negative automaintenance contingencies for 17-27 sessions immediately after brief (14-16 sessions) or extended (168-237 sessions) exposure to positive automaintenance contingencies, or after 4-10 sessions of instrumental training. In all conditions, negative automaintenance contingencies virtually eliminated responding, reducing response rates to an average 1.3 responses per min. This reduction in response rate was validated by a model of transition between early and late response rates that assumed exponential transition of rates from one set of contingencies to the next. The model faithfully reproduced cumulative records, and yielded estimates of terminal rates under negative automaintenance that were close to operant level.
12只鸽子在短暂（14 - 16次训练）或长期（168 - 237次训练）暴露于正向自动维持条件之后，或者在进行4 - 10次工具性训练之后，紧接着接受17 - 27次训练的负向自动维持条件。在所有条件下，负向自动维持条件几乎消除了反应，将反应率降低至平均每分钟1.3次反应。反应率的这种降低通过一个早期和晚期反应率之间转换的模型得到验证，该模型假设反应率从一组条件到下一组条件呈指数转换。该模型忠实地再现了累积记录，并得出负向自动维持条件下的最终反应率估计值，这些估计值接近操作水平。
