Kohn Michael H, Murphy William J, Ostrander Elaine A, Wayne Robert K
Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, Rice University, MS 170, 6100 Main Street, Houston, TX 77005, USA.
Trends Ecol Evol. 2006 Nov;21(11):629-37. doi: 10.1016/j.tree.2006.08.001. Epub 2006 Sep 5.
In large part, the relevance of genetics to conservation rests on the premise that neutral marker variation in populations reflects levels of detrimental and adaptive genetic variation. Despite its prominence, this tenet has been difficult to evaluate, until now. As we discuss here, genome sequence information and new technological and bioinformatics platforms now enable comprehensive surveys of neutral variation and more direct inferences of detrimental and adaptive variation in species with sequenced genomes and in 'genome-enabled' endangered taxa. Moreover, conservation schemes could begin to consider specific pathological genetic variants. A new conservation genetic agenda would utilize data from enhanced surveys of genomic variation in endangered species to better manage functional genetic variation.
在很大程度上，遗传学与保护的相关性基于这样一个前提，即种群中的中性标记变异反映了有害和适应性遗传变异的水平。尽管这一原则很突出，但直到现在都难以评估。正如我们在此所讨论的，基因组序列信息以及新的技术和生物信息学平台现在能够对中性变异进行全面调查，并对具有测序基因组的物种以及“基因组辅助”的濒危类群中的有害和适应性变异进行更直接的推断。此外，保护计划可以开始考虑特定的病理性遗传变异。一个新的保护遗传学议程将利用濒危物种基因组变异强化调查的数据，以更好地管理功能性遗传变异。
