新生儿表型的地理差异。
Geographical variation in neonatal phenotype.
作者信息
Leary Sam, Fall Caroline, Osmond Clive, Lovel Hermione, Campbell Doris, Eriksson Johan, Forrester Terrence, Godfrey Keith, Hill Jacqui, Jie Mi, Law Catherine, Newby Rachel, Robinson Sian, Yajnik Chittaranjan
机构信息
Diabetes Unit, King Edward Memorial Hospital, Pune, India.
出版信息
Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2006;85(9):1080-9. doi: 10.1080/00016340600697447.
BACKGROUND
Recent studies have shown associations between size and body proportions at birth and health outcomes throughout the life cycle, but there are few data on how neonatal phenotype varies in different populations around the world.
METHODS
Data from the UK, Finland, India, Sri Lanka, China, DR Congo, Nigeria, and Jamaica (n=22,067) were used to characterize geographical differences in phenotype in singleton, live-born newborns. Measurements included birth weight, placental weight, length, head, chest, abdominal and arm circumferences, and skinfolds.
RESULTS
Neonates in Europe were the largest, followed by Jamaica, East Asia (China), then Africa and South Asia. Birth weight varied widely (mean values 2,730-3,570 g), but in contrast, head circumference was similar in all except China (markedly smaller). The main difference in body proportions between populations was the head to length ratio, with small heads relative to length in China and large heads relative to length in South Asia and Africa.
CONCLUSIONS
These marked geographical differences in neonatal phenotype need to be considered when investigating determinants of fetal growth, and optimal phenotype for short-term and long-term outcomes.
背景
近期研究表明，出生时的体型和身体比例与整个生命周期的健康结果之间存在关联，但关于世界各地不同人群中新生儿表型如何变化的数据较少。
方法
来自英国、芬兰、印度、斯里兰卡、中国、刚果民主共和国、尼日利亚和牙买加（n = 22,067）的数据用于描述单胎活产新生儿表型的地理差异。测量指标包括出生体重、胎盘重量、身长、头围、胸围、腹围、臂围和皮褶厚度。
结果
欧洲的新生儿体型最大，其次是牙买加、东亚（中国），然后是非洲和南亚。出生体重差异很大（平均值为2,730 - 3,570克），但相比之下，除中国外（明显较小），所有地区的头围相似。不同人群身体比例的主要差异在于头身比，中国新生儿的头相对于身长较小，而南亚和非洲新生儿的头相对于身长较大。
结论
在研究胎儿生长的决定因素以及短期和长期结果的最佳表型时，需要考虑这些新生儿表型的显著地理差异。
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