Rothfuss Katja S, Stange Eduard F, Herrlinger Klaus R
Robert-Bosch-Hospital, Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology, Auerbachstrasse 110, D-70376 Stuttgart, Germany.
World J Gastroenterol. 2006 Aug 14;12(30):4819-31. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v12.i30.4819.
Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) are chronic inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) that often involve organs other than those of the gastrointestinal tract. These nonintestinal affections are termed extraintestinal symptoms. Differentiating the true extraintestinal manifestations of inflammatory bowel diseases from secondary extraintestinal complications, caused by malnutrition, chronic inflammation or side effects of therapy, may be difficult. This review concentrates on frequency, clinical presentation and therapeutic implications of extraintestinal symptoms in inflammatory bowel diseases. If possible, extraintestinal manifestations are differentiated from extraintestinal complications. Special attention is given to the more recently described sites of involvement; i.e. thromboembolic events, osteoporosis, pulmonary involvement and affection of the central nervous system.
克罗恩病（CD）和溃疡性结肠炎（UC）是慢性炎症性肠病（IBD），常累及胃肠道以外的器官。这些肠道外病变被称为肠外症状。区分炎症性肠病真正的肠外表现与由营养不良、慢性炎症或治疗副作用引起的继发性肠外并发症可能很困难。本综述重点关注炎症性肠病肠外症状的发生率、临床表现及治疗意义。若有可能，将肠外表现与肠外并发症区分开来。特别关注最近描述的受累部位，即血栓栓塞事件、骨质疏松、肺部受累及中枢神经系统病变。
