Secor-Turner Molly, O'Boyle Carol
School of Nursing, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
Am J Infect Control. 2006 Sep;34(7):414-20. doi: 10.1016/j.ajic.2005.08.005.
Following the events of September 11, 2001, the threat of bioterrorism events has become a realistic concern for health care workers in the United States. Bioterrorism events caused by infectious agents will be challenging because nurses will need to recognize unfamiliar infections and work long hours with limited resources in stressful conditions. During a bioterrorism event caused by biologic agents, nurses will be expected to provide care to infected patients and may fear that they, or their families, could also become infected. A review of literature suggests that nurses' response to working during a bioterrorism event is not well described. The limited number of studies regarding nurses' concerns, fears, and anxieties is focused on nurses' experiences in natural disaster or war situations. Additional studies are needed to validate the appropriateness of applying findings from disaster response studies to bioterrorism events. During bioterrorism events, nurses will be expected to provide physical care and emotional and psychologic support for victims and victims' families. Realistic bioterrorism plans should incorporate strategies to support nurses and address their physical, psychologic, and emotional issues. Strategies to optimize safe working conditions and minimize psychologic trauma such as technical training regarding bioterrorism agents and debriefing opportunities should be included.
2001年9月11日事件之后，生物恐怖主义事件的威胁已成为美国医护人员切实关注的问题。由传染原引起的生物恐怖主义事件将具有挑战性，因为护士需要识别不常见的感染，并在压力环境下以有限的资源长时间工作。在由生物制剂引起的生物恐怖主义事件中，预计护士将为受感染患者提供护理，并且可能担心自己或其家人也会被感染。文献综述表明，关于护士在生物恐怖主义事件期间工作反应的描述并不充分。关于护士的担忧、恐惧和焦虑的研究数量有限，主要集中在护士在自然灾害或战争情况下的经历。需要更多研究来验证将灾害应对研究的结果应用于生物恐怖主义事件的适用性。在生物恐怖主义事件期间，预计护士将为受害者及其家人提供身体护理以及情感和心理支持。切实可行的生物恐怖主义计划应纳入支持护士并解决其身体、心理和情感问题的策略。应包括优化安全工作条件和尽量减少心理创伤的策略，如关于生物恐怖主义制剂的技术培训和汇报情况的机会。
