Bell Amy Trelease, Fortune Barbara, Sheeler Robert
University of Wyoming Family Practice Residency Program at Cheyenne, WY, USA.
J Fam Pract. 2006 Sep;55(9):799-802.
Tests for antibodies to Epstein-Barr viral capsid antigen or Epstein-Barr nuclear antigen are the most sensitive, are highly specific, and are also the most expensive for diagnosing infectious mononucleosis (strength of recommendation [SOR]: C, based on validating cohort study). Heterophile antibody tests have similar specificity and are cheaper, but are less sensitive in children or in adults during the early days of the illness (SOR: C, based on validating cohort study). The polymerase chain reaction assay for Epstein-Barr virus DNA is more sensitive than the heterophile antibody test in children, is highly specific, but is also expensive (SOR: C, based on validating cohort study). The percentages of atypical lymphocytes and total lymphocytes on a complete blood count provide another specific and moderately sensitive, yet inexpensive, test (SOR: C, based on validating cohort study).
检测爱泼斯坦-巴尔病毒衣壳抗原或爱泼斯坦-巴尔核抗原的抗体，对于诊断传染性单核细胞增多症最为敏感、特异性高，但也是最昂贵的检测方法（推荐强度[SOR]：C，基于验证性队列研究）。嗜异性抗体检测具有相似的特异性且成本较低，但在儿童或疾病早期的成人中敏感性较低（SOR：C，基于验证性队列研究）。针对爱泼斯坦-巴尔病毒DNA的聚合酶链反应检测在儿童中比嗜异性抗体检测更敏感，特异性高，但同样昂贵（SOR：C，基于验证性队列研究）。全血细胞计数中的非典型淋巴细胞和总淋巴细胞百分比提供了另一种特异性较高、中度敏感且成本低廉的检测方法（SOR：C，基于验证性队列研究）。
