Geller Daniel, Petty Carter, Vivas Fe, Johnson Jessica, Pauls David, Biederman Joseph
Pediatric Psychopharmacology Program, Center for Human Genetics, Massachusetts General Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02113, USA.
Biol Psychiatry. 2007 Feb 1;61(3):316-21. doi: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2006.03.083. Epub 2006 Sep 1.
To use family study methodology to examine the relationship between obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children and adolescents.
We assessed for ADHD and OCD in the 1533 first-degree relatives of three groups of index children: those with ADHD and OCD, those with ADHD but no OCD, and matched controls with neither disorder.
The risk for ADHD was similarly elevated in families of ADHD youth with (18.9%) and without OCD (20.1%; p = .91), and both groups had significantly higher rates of ADHD compared with controls (4.6%; p < or = .001), which was consistent with previous research showing a strong familial risk for ADHD. The risk for OCD was significantly elevated only among relatives of youth with ADHD plus comorbid OCD (13.0%) compared with controls (.5%; p < or = .001) and was consistent with previous research showing a strong familial risk for OCD. Relatives affected with ADHD had a significantly elevated risk for OCD compared with relatives unaffected by ADHD (7.4% vs. 1.3%; p < .001), suggestive of co-segregation between these disorders. There was no evidence of nonrandom mating between ADHD- and OCD-affected spouses.
These results extend previously reported findings regarding the heritability of both ADHD and OCD and provide new evidence of a familial relationship between ADHD and pediatric OCD that best fits the hypothesis of a unique familial subtype.
运用家系研究方法来检验儿童和青少年强迫症（OCD）与注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）之间的关系。
我们对三组索引儿童的1533名一级亲属进行了ADHD和OCD评估：患有ADHD和OCD的儿童、患有ADHD但无OCD的儿童以及两种障碍均未患的匹配对照组。
患有ADHD且患有OCD的青少年家庭（18.9%）和未患OCD的ADHD青少年家庭（20.1%）中ADHD的风险同样升高，且两组的ADHD发病率均显著高于对照组（4.6%；p≤0.001），这与之前显示ADHD存在强大家族风险的研究一致。仅在患有ADHD合并OCD的青少年亲属中，OCD的风险显著升高（13.0%），与对照组（0.5%；p≤0.001）相比，这与之前显示OCD存在强大家族风险的研究一致。与未受ADHD影响的亲属相比，受ADHD影响的亲属患OCD的风险显著升高（7.4%对1.3%；p<0.001），提示这些障碍之间存在共同分离现象。没有证据表明受ADHD和OCD影响的配偶之间存在非随机交配。
这些结果扩展了先前关于ADHD和OCD遗传性的报道结果，并为ADHD与儿童OCD之间的家族关系提供了新证据，这最符合独特家族亚型假说。
