Oliveira Maria Alice Araújo, Osório Mônica Maria, Raposo Maria Cristina Falcão
Departamento de Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Brasil.
Cad Saude Publica. 2006 Oct;22(10):2169-78. doi: 10.1590/s0102-311x2006001000023.
This study aimed to assess hemoglobin level and anemia prevalence and their association with food-consumption and socioeconomic variables. A cross-sectional survey was conducted in the State of Pernambuco, Brazil, in 1997, using three-stage sampling which included 746 6-to-59-month-old children. Hemoglobin testing and a 24-hour food recall interview were performed. The anemia rate was 40.6% and was higher in the rural area and inversely proportional to age, income, and maternal schooling. Most children (88.9%) consumed cow's milk. Anemia was associated directly with the proportion of calories from cow's milk and indirectly with the iron level. Child's age, geographic area, per capita family income, maternal schooling, iron density (total, heme, and non-heme), and the proportion of calories from cow's milk in the diet were determinants for anemia.
本研究旨在评估血红蛋白水平和贫血患病率及其与食物消费和社会经济变量的关联。1997年在巴西伯南布哥州进行了一项横断面调查，采用三阶段抽样，纳入了746名6至59个月大的儿童。进行了血红蛋白检测和24小时食物回顾访谈。贫血率为40.6%，农村地区更高，且与年龄、收入和母亲受教育程度成反比。大多数儿童（88.9%）饮用牛奶。贫血与牛奶热量占比直接相关，与铁水平间接相关。儿童年龄、地理区域、家庭人均收入、母亲受教育程度、铁密度（总铁、血红素铁和非血红素铁）以及饮食中牛奶热量占比是贫血的决定因素。
