Lee Choonik, Lee Choonsik, Williams Jonathan L, Bolch Wesley E
Department of Nuclear and Radiological Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.
Phys Med Biol. 2006 Sep 21;51(18):4649-61. doi: 10.1088/0031-9155/51/18/013. Epub 2006 Sep 4.
Following the previous development of the head and torso voxel phantoms of paediatric patients for use in medical radiation protection (UF Series A), a set of whole-body voxel phantoms of paediatric patients (9-month male, 4-year female, 8-year female, 11-year male and 14-year male) has been developed through the attachment of arms and legs from segmented CT images of a healthy Korean adult (UF Series B). Even though partial-body phantoms (head-torso) may be used in a variety of medical dose reconstruction studies where the extremities are out-of-field or receive only very low levels of scatter radiation, whole-body phantoms play important roles in general radiation protection and in nuclear medicine dosimetry. Inclusion of the arms and legs is critical for dosimetry studies of paediatric patients due to the presence of active bone marrow within the extremities of children. While the UF Series A phantoms preserved the body dimensions and organ masses as seen in the original patients who were scanned, comprehensive adjustments were made for the Series B phantoms to better match International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) age-interpolated reference body masses, body heights, sitting heights and internal organ masses. The CT images of arms and legs of a Korean adult were digitally rescaled and attached to each phantom of the UF series. After completion, the resolutions of the phantoms for the 9-month, 4-year, 8-year, 11-year and 14-year were set at 0.86 mm x 0.86 mm x 3.0 mm, 0.90 mm x 0.90 mm x 5.0 mm, 1.16 mm x 1.16 mm x 6.0 mm, 0.94 mm x 0.94 mm x 6.00 mm and 1.18 mm x 1.18 mm x 6.72 mm, respectively.
继先前开发用于医学辐射防护的儿科患者头部和躯干体素模型（UF系列A）之后，通过从一名健康韩国成年人的断层CT图像中分割出手臂和腿部并将其附着，开发出了一组儿科患者全身体素模型（9个月大男性、4岁女性、8岁女性、11岁男性和14岁男性）（UF系列B）。尽管局部身体模型（头部 - 躯干）可用于各种医学剂量重建研究，在这些研究中四肢处于射野外或仅接受极低水平的散射辐射，但全身模型在一般辐射防护和核医学剂量测定中发挥着重要作用。由于儿童四肢存在活跃骨髓，因此将手臂和腿部纳入对于儿科患者的剂量测定研究至关重要。虽然UF系列A模型保留了原始扫描患者的身体尺寸和器官质量，但对系列B模型进行了全面调整，以更好地匹配国际放射防护委员会（ICRP）按年龄插值的参考身体质量、身高、坐姿高度和内部器官质量。韩国成年人手臂和腿部的CT图像经过数字缩放后附着到UF系列的每个模型上。完成后，9个月、4岁、8岁、11岁和14岁模型的分辨率分别设置为0.86毫米×0.86毫米×3.0毫米、0.90毫米×0.90毫米×5.0毫米、1.16毫米×1.16毫米×6.0毫米、0.94毫米×0.94毫米×6.00毫米和1.18毫米×1.18毫米×6.72毫米。
