Fowers Blaine J, Davidov Barbara J
Department of Educational and Psychological Studies, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33124, USA.
Am Psychol. 2006 Sep;61(6):581-94. doi: 10.1037/0003-066X.61.6.581.
The social, intellectual, and moral movement known as multiculturalism has been enormously influential in psychology. Its ability to reshape psychology has been due to its ethical force, which derives from the attractiveness of its aims of inclusion, social justice, and mutual respect. The cultivation of cultural competence, presented as a developmental process of acquiring self-awareness, cultural knowledge, and skills, is an important emphasis in the multicultural literature. The authors place the cultural competence literature in dialogue with virtue ethics (a contemporary ethical theory derived from Aristotle) to develop a rich and illuminating way for psychologists to understand and embody the personal self-examination, commitment, and transformation required for learning and practicing in a culturally competent manner. According to virtue ethics, multiculturalism can be seen as the pursuit of worthwhile goals that require personal strengths or virtues, knowledge, consistent actions, proper motivation, and practical wisdom. The authors term the virtue of multiculturalism openness to the other and conclude by describing how attention to cultural matters also transforms virtue ethics in important and necessary ways.
被称为多元文化主义的社会、知识和道德运动在心理学领域产生了巨大影响。它重塑心理学的能力源于其道德力量，这种道德力量来自于其包容、社会正义和相互尊重目标的吸引力。文化能力的培养被视为一个获得自我意识、文化知识和技能的发展过程，是多元文化文献中的一个重要重点。作者将文化能力文献与美德伦理学（一种源自亚里士多德的当代伦理理论）进行对话，以开发一种丰富且具有启发性的方式，让心理学家理解并践行以文化胜任的方式学习和实践所需的个人自我审视、承诺和转变。根据美德伦理学，多元文化主义可被视为对需要个人优势或美德、知识、一致行动、恰当动机和实践智慧的有价值目标的追求。作者将多元文化主义的美德称为对他者的开放，并通过描述对文化问题的关注如何也以重要且必要的方式转变美德伦理学来得出结论。
