Kuspa Adam, Loomis William F
Verna and Marrs McLean Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
Methods Mol Biol. 2006;346:15-30. doi: 10.1385/1-59745-144-4:15.
The Dictyostelium discoideum genome has been sequenced, assembled and annotated to a high degree of reliability. The parts-list of proteins and RNA encoded by the six chromosomes can now be accessed and analyzed. One of the initial surprises was the remarkably large number of genes that are shared with plants, animals, and fungi that must have been present in their common progenitor over a billion years ago. The genome encodes a total of about 10,300 proteins including protein families involved in cytoskeletal control, posttranslational protein modification, detoxification, secondary metabolism, cell adhesion, and signal transduction. The genome has a higher proportion of homopolymeric tracts and simple sequence repeats, such as [CAA]n, than most other genomes. Triplet repeats in translated regions produce the highest known proportion of polyglutamine tracts in any known proteome. Phylogenetic analyses based on complete proteomes confirm that the amoebozoa are a sister group to the animals and fungi, distinct from plants and early diverging species such as Leishmania, Plasmodium, or Giardia. The completed Dictyostelium sequence opens the door to large-scale functional exploration of its genome.
盘基网柄菌的基因组已被测序、组装并注释到高度可靠的程度。现在可以访问和分析由六条染色体编码的蛋白质和RNA的清单。最初令人惊讶的一点是，与植物、动物和真菌共有的基因数量非常多，这些基因肯定在十亿多年前就存在于它们的共同祖先中。该基因组总共编码约10300种蛋白质，包括参与细胞骨架控制、蛋白质翻译后修饰、解毒、次生代谢、细胞黏附和信号转导的蛋白质家族。与大多数其他基因组相比，该基因组具有更高比例的同聚核苷酸序列和简单序列重复，如[CAA]n。翻译区域中的三联体重复在任何已知蛋白质组中产生了已知比例最高的聚谷氨酰胺序列。基于完整蛋白质组的系统发育分析证实，变形虫是动物和真菌的姐妹群，与植物以及利什曼原虫、疟原虫或贾第虫等早期分化物种不同。完成的盘基网柄菌序列为对其基因组进行大规模功能探索打开了大门。
