儿童带状疱疹

Herpes zoster in childhood.

作者信息

Leung Alexander K C, Robson W Lane M, Leong Alexander G

机构信息

Department of Pediatrics, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada.

出版信息

J Pediatr Health Care. 2006 Sep-Oct;20(5):300-3. doi: 10.1016/j.pedhc.2006.01.004.

DOI:10.1016/j.pedhc.2006.01.004

PMID:16962434

Abstract

Herpes zoster is caused by reactivation of latent varicella-zoster virus that resides in a dorsal root ganglion. Herpes zoster can develop any time after a primary infection. Because varicella vaccine is a live attenuated virus, herpes zoster can develop in a vaccine recipient. The incidence of herpes zoster among vaccine recipients is about 14 cases per 100,000 person-years. In young children, herpes zoster has a predilection for areas supplied by the cervical and sacral dermatomes. The most common complications are secondary bacterial infection, depigmentation, and scarring. Although the diagnosis of herpes zoster is based on a distinct clinical appearance, viral DNA analysis of the lesion by polymerase chain reaction or restriction fragment length polymorphism is necessary to differentiate wild from vaccine-type viruses. Acyclovir is the treatment of choice for herpes zoster.

摘要

带状疱疹是由潜伏在背根神经节中的水痘-带状疱疹病毒重新激活引起的。带状疱疹可在初次感染后的任何时间发生。由于水痘疫苗是一种减毒活病毒，接种疫苗者也可能发生带状疱疹。接种疫苗者中带状疱疹的发病率约为每10万人年14例。在幼儿中，带状疱疹好发于由颈段和骶段皮节支配的区域。最常见的并发症是继发性细菌感染、色素脱失和瘢痕形成。虽然带状疱疹的诊断基于独特的临床表现，但通过聚合酶链反应或限制性片段长度多态性对病变进行病毒DNA分析对于区分野生型病毒和疫苗型病毒是必要的。阿昔洛韦是带状疱疹的首选治疗药物。