Gueimonde Miguel, Salminen Seppo, Isolauri Erika
Functional Foods Forum, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
FEMS Immunol Med Microbiol. 2006 Oct;48(1):21-5. doi: 10.1111/j.1574-695X.2006.00112.x.
The widespread use of antibiotics for medical and veterinary purposes has led to an increase of microbial resistance. The antibiotic resistance of pathogenic bacteria has been studied extensively. However, antibiotics are not only selective for pathogens: they also affect all members of the gut microbiota. These microorganisms may constitute a reservoir of genes carrying resistance to specific antibiotics. This study was designed to characterize the gut microbiota with regard to the presence of genes encoding tetracycline resistance proteins (tet) in the gut of healthy exclusively breast-fed infants and their mothers. For this purpose we determined the prevalence of genes encoding ribosomal protection proteins (tet M, tet W, tet O, tet S, tet T and tet B) by PCR and characterized the gut microbiota by FISH in stools of infants and their mothers. The gene tet M was found in all the breast-fed infants and their mothers. tet O was found in all of the mothers' samples, whilst only 35% of the infants harboured this gene. tet W was less frequently found (85% of the mothers and 13% of the infants). None of the other genes analysed was found in any sample. Our results suggest that genes carrying antibiotic resistance are common in the environment, as even healthy breast-fed infants with no direct or indirect previous exposure to antibiotics harbour these genes.
抗生素在医学和兽医学领域的广泛使用导致了微生物耐药性的增加。病原菌的抗生素耐药性已得到广泛研究。然而，抗生素不仅对病原体具有选择性：它们还会影响肠道微生物群的所有成员。这些微生物可能构成携带特定抗生素耐药基因的基因库。本研究旨在通过对健康纯母乳喂养婴儿及其母亲肠道中编码四环素抗性蛋白（tet）的基因的存在情况来表征肠道微生物群。为此，我们通过PCR确定了编码核糖体保护蛋白（tet M、tet W、tet O、tet S、tet T和tet B）的基因的流行情况，并通过荧光原位杂交（FISH）对婴儿及其母亲粪便中的肠道微生物群进行了表征。在所有纯母乳喂养婴儿及其母亲中均发现了tet M基因。在所有母亲的样本中均发现了tet O基因，而只有35%的婴儿携带该基因。tet W基因的发现频率较低（85%的母亲和13%的婴儿）。在任何样本中均未发现其他分析的基因。我们的结果表明，携带抗生素耐药性的基因在环境中很常见，因为即使是之前没有直接或间接接触过抗生素的健康纯母乳喂养婴儿也携带这些基因。
