Santiago-Moreno J, Gómez-Brunet A, Toledano-Díaz A, Picazo R, Gonzalez-Bulnes A, López-Sebastián A
Department of Reproducción Animal, INIA, Madrid, Spain.
Reprod Domest Anim. 2006 Oct;41 Suppl 2:72-81. doi: 10.1111/j.1439-0531.2006.00771.x.
The methods of assisted reproduction commonly used in domestic animals are currently being applied to non-domestic species. This is because of the limitation of maintaining the genetic variability in the wild, as it occurs in wild ruminants of the Mediterranean Basin. Despite the apparent progress of the technology, success of the offspring to grow and become healthy adult individuals has remained low in wild species. Difficulties usually arise from insufficient information about basic reproductive biology, such as the seasonal changes in ovarian and testicular activity. Directional adaptive evolution involves development of speciespecific physiological reproductive patterns to cope with various environmental factors. Thus, species originating and living at the same latitude display different reproductive strategies to entrain the breeding activity at an optimal time of the year. The aim of this paper was to present current knowledge on reproductive physiology of Mediterranean wild ruminants as a basic prerequisite for the successful use of assisted reproduction methods. Special emphasis is given to seasonal endocrine changes, ovarian cycles and testicular activity of Iberian wild ruminants, together with the role of social interactions on the regulation of these events.
目前家畜常用的辅助生殖方法正被应用于非家畜物种。这是因为在地中海盆地野生反刍动物中出现的在野外维持遗传变异性存在局限性。尽管该技术有明显进展，但在野生物种中，后代成长为健康成年个体的成功率仍然很低。困难通常源于对基本生殖生物学的信息不足，比如卵巢和睾丸活动的季节性变化。定向适应性进化涉及物种特异性生理生殖模式的发展，以应对各种环境因素。因此，起源并生活在同一纬度的物种会展现出不同的生殖策略，以便在一年中的最佳时间安排繁殖活动。本文的目的是介绍地中海野生反刍动物生殖生理学的当前知识，作为成功应用辅助生殖方法的基本前提。特别强调了伊比利亚野生反刍动物的季节性内分泌变化、卵巢周期和睾丸活动，以及社会互动在调节这些事件中的作用。
