Houghton P, Patel N, Jurzysta M, Biely Z, Cheung C
Department of Pharmacy, King's College London. UK.
Phytother Res. 2006 Dec;20(12):1061-6. doi: 10.1002/ptr.1995.
Saponin-rich extracts of Medicago sativa L. have been shown to display antifungal activity against a range of common fungibut only a few individual saponins have been tested against dermatophytes. Total saponins were separately obtained from roots and aerial parts of Medicago sativa, M. murex, M. arabica and M. hybrida. Nineteen saponins and three parent triterpenoids, were tested against three dermatophytic fungi Microsporum gypseum, Trichophyton interdigitale and T. tonsurans using mircowell plate serial dilution assay to determine the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC). Miconazole was used as a positive control. T. tonsurans appeared to be the most sensitive of the dermatophytes to the active compounds. Aglycones showed less antifungal effect than the glycosides, which displayed a range of activities. Monodesmosidic glycosides of medicagenic acid were the most active compounds, especially the 3-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside, which displayed MIC less than 0.09mm against all three fungi, although those of hederagenin and zanhic acid also showed weak activity (MIC 3.3mm against two fungal species). Bidesmosidic saponins had weaker activity than monodesmosidic ones. This corresponds to activity of these and similar compounds against other fungal species but this is the first comprehensive report of activity of Medicago saponins against dermatophytes.
紫花苜蓿富含皂苷的提取物已被证明对一系列常见真菌具有抗真菌活性，但仅对少数几种皂苷进行了针对皮肤癣菌的测试。分别从紫花苜蓿、硬刺苜蓿、阿拉伯苜蓿和杂交苜蓿的根和地上部分获得了总皂苷。使用微孔板系列稀释法测定最低抑菌浓度（MIC），对19种皂苷和3种母体三萜类化合物进行了针对三种皮肤癣菌——石膏样小孢子菌、指间毛癣菌和断发毛癣菌的测试。咪康唑用作阳性对照。断发毛癣菌似乎是皮肤癣菌中对活性化合物最敏感的。苷元的抗真菌作用比糖苷弱，糖苷表现出一系列活性。苜蓿酸的单糖苷是最具活性的化合物，尤其是3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷，对所有三种真菌的MIC均小于0.09mm，尽管常春藤皂苷元和酸枣酸的单糖苷也表现出较弱的活性（对两种真菌的MIC为3.3mm）。双糖苷皂苷的活性比单糖苷皂苷弱。这与这些及类似化合物对其他真菌种类的活性相符，但这是关于苜蓿皂苷对皮肤癣菌活性的第一份全面报告。
