Yu Zhiwei, Palkovicova Lubica, Drobna Beata, Petrik Jan, Kocan Anton, Trnovec Tomas, Hertz-Picciotto Irva
University of California, Davis, Department of Public Health Sciences, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
Chemosphere. 2007 Jan;66(6):1012-8. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2006.07.043. Epub 2006 Sep 27.
Human breast milk represents the best choice for the nutrition of infants. It is often used for monitoring human exposures to environmental chemicals. Uniquely suited to meet human biological needs, breast milk composition, especially fat content, changes significantly with time from delivery. With the aim to compare the concentration of organochlorine compounds (OCs) in colostrum versus mature milk, we obtained samples of fourth-fifth day postpartum milk (colostrum) and day-14 postpartum milk (mature milk) from 12 women enrolled in the project "Early Childhood Development and PCB Exposure in Slovakia". The concentrations of selected organochlorine pesticides and congeners of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) were measured using gas chromatography with electron capture detection and reported on lipid adjusted basis. No significant differences were found between organochlorine levels in colostrum and those in mature milk samples. A very close correlation was found between the concentrations of organochlorine compounds in colostrum and mature milk (Spearman correlation coefficient r=0.94-0.98 for PCBs, and r=0.85-0.99 for organochlorine pesticides, p<0.001 for all compounds). The present study concludes that the use of colostrum samples provides a close estimate of the child's exposure to OCs in the early neonatal period and demonstrates that, despite the lower fat content, colostrum specimens are adequate to conduct OC analyses.
人乳是婴儿营养的最佳选择。它常被用于监测人类对环境化学物质的暴露情况。人乳特别适合满足人类的生物学需求，其成分，尤其是脂肪含量，会随着产后时间的推移而发生显著变化。为了比较初乳和成熟乳中有机氯化合物（OCs）的浓度，我们从参与“斯洛伐克儿童早期发育与多氯联苯暴露”项目的12名女性中获取了产后第四至五天的乳汁（初乳）和产后第14天的乳汁（成熟乳）样本。使用带有电子捕获检测的气相色谱法测量了选定的有机氯农药和多氯联苯（PCBs）同系物的浓度，并以脂质调整后的含量进行报告。初乳和成熟乳样本中的有机氯水平之间未发现显著差异。初乳和成熟乳中有机氯化合物的浓度之间存在非常密切的相关性（多氯联苯的斯皮尔曼相关系数r = 0.94 - 0.98，有机氯农药的r = 0.85 - 0.99，所有化合物的p < 0.001）。本研究得出结论，使用初乳样本可以对新生儿早期接触有机氯化合物的情况进行近似估计，并表明，尽管初乳脂肪含量较低，但仍足以进行有机氯分析。
