Raab Ulla, Preiss Ursula, Albrecht Michael, Shahin Nabil, Parlar Harun, Fromme Hermann
Bavarian Health and Food Safety Authority, Department of Environmental Health, Veterinaerstrasse 2, D-85764 Oberschleissheim, Germany.
Chemosphere. 2008 May;72(1):87-94. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2008.01.053. Epub 2008 Mar 6.
The aim of this study was to determine a new spectrum of substances that will be selected for future breast milk monitoring in Bavaria, Germany. Up to now, the analysis of breast milk in Bavaria was limited to selected organochlorine pesticides (OCP) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB). Information on background levels of toxicologically interesting substances, such as dioxins and dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls (dl-PCB) or on flame retardants, such as polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDE) are very limited or not available for Bavaria. We present here levels on OCP, some nitro musks, indicator PCB, polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDD), polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDF) and dl-PCB concentrations in breast milk collected at 12 weeks post-partum of 43 primiparous mothers living in Bavaria. The average concentrations of PCDD, PCDF and dl-PCB were 4.98, 4.93 and 9.92 pg WHO-TEQ g(-1) lipid, respectively. The mean contribution of PCDD, PCDF, non-ortho and mono-ortho PCB to the total WHO-TEQ is consistently about 25% each. Furthermore the concentration on PBDE in breast milk at two sampling points, 12 weeks and 16 weeks after delivery, were determined. Overall, 19 PBDE congeners were analysed, however the level of 12 PBDE congeners were below the limit of detection. BDE-153 and BDE-47 were the predominant congeners accounting for about 66% of the total PBDE. The means of the total concentrations of PBDE (five congeners) at the first and second sampling point were 1.90 and 2.03 ng g(-1) lipid, respectively. Based on our results the overall concentrations of the analysed substances in milk samples from Bavaria are consistent with the levels of breast milk samples of other European countries reflecting the low background body burden of these compounds.
本研究的目的是确定一系列新的物质，以便为德国巴伐利亚州未来的母乳监测进行筛选。到目前为止，巴伐利亚州对母乳的分析仅限于选定的有机氯农药（OCP）和多氯联苯（PCB）。关于毒理学相关物质（如二噁英和二噁英类多氯联苯（dl-PCB））的背景水平信息，或关于阻燃剂（如多溴二苯醚（PBDE））的信息，在巴伐利亚州非常有限或根本没有。我们在此展示了43名居住在巴伐利亚州的初产妇产后12周采集的母乳中OCP、一些硝基麝香、指示性PCB、多氯代二苯并 - 对 - 二噁英（PCDD）、多氯代二苯并呋喃（PCDF）和dl-PCB的浓度。PCDD、PCDF和dl-PCB的平均浓度分别为4.98、4.93和9.92 pg WHO-TEQ g(-1)脂质。PCDD、PCDF、非邻位和单邻位PCB对总WHO-TEQ的平均贡献始终约为25%。此外，还测定了分娩后12周和16周这两个采样点母乳中PBDE的浓度。总体而言，分析了19种PBDE同系物，但12种PBDE同系物的水平低于检测限。BDE-153和BDE-47是主要同系物，约占总PBDE的66%。第一个和第二个采样点PBDE（五种同系物）的总浓度平均值分别为1.90和2.03 ng g(-1)脂质。根据我们的结果，巴伐利亚州牛奶样品中所分析物质的总体浓度与其他欧洲国家母乳样品的水平一致，反映出这些化合物的低背景身体负担。
