Bammann K, Wawro N
Bremer Institut für Präventionsforschung und Sozialmedizin (BIPS), Linzer Strasse 10, 28359 Bremen.
Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz. 2006 Oct;49(10):974-81. doi: 10.1007/s00103-006-0042-4.
During the last two decades, genetic epidemiology has been established in parallel to the area of classical epidemiology. This paper presents some essentials of the epidemiology of genetic factors. It begins with a discussion of complex diseases that are characterized by an involvement of several genes. The problems that are attached to modeling gene-gene and gene-environment interactions and their integration into causal pathways are elucidated and the role of genetic factors in the etiology of complex diseases is investigated. Classical and new epidemiological study designs that allow an integration of genetic data are introduced. The introduction of this data is partly motivated by the danger of bias due to genetic heterogeneity (population stratification) in classical designs. The problem of replication of study results is discussed and the concept of Mendelian randomization is presented.
在过去二十年中，遗传流行病学与经典流行病学领域并行发展。本文介绍了遗传因素流行病学的一些要点。首先讨论了以多个基因参与为特征的复杂疾病。阐述了基因-基因和基因-环境相互作用建模及其整合到因果途径中所面临的问题，并研究了遗传因素在复杂疾病病因学中的作用。介绍了能够整合遗传数据的经典和新型流行病学研究设计。引入这些数据的部分动机是经典设计中由于遗传异质性（群体分层）导致偏差的风险。讨论了研究结果的重复性问题，并介绍了孟德尔随机化的概念。
