Radant Allen D, Dobie Dorcas J, Calkins Monica E, Olincy Ann, Braff David L, Cadenhead Kristin S, Freedman Robert, Green Michael F, Greenwood Tiffany A, Gur Raquel E, Light Gregory A, Meichle Sean P, Mintz Jim, Nuechterlein Keith H, Schork Nicholas J, Seidman Larry J, Siever Larry J, Silverman Jeremy M, Stone William S, Swerdlow Neal R, Tsuang Ming T, Turetsky Bruce I, Tsuang Debby W
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States.
Schizophr Res. 2007 Jan;89(1-3):320-9. doi: 10.1016/j.schres.2006.08.010. Epub 2006 Oct 3.
The antisaccade task is a promising schizophrenia endophenotype; it is stable over time and reflects neurophysiological deficits present in both schizophrenia subjects and their first-degree relatives. Meaningful genetic research requires large sample sizes that are best ascertained using multi-site study designs. To establish the criterion validity of the antisaccade task in a multi-site design, the Consortium on the Genetics of Schizophrenia (COGS) examined whether seven sites could detect previously reported antisaccade deficits in schizophrenia subjects. Investigators presented 3 blocks of 20 antisaccade stimuli to 143 schizophrenia subjects and 195 comparison subjects. Frequent collaborator communication, standardized training, and ongoing quality assurance optimized testing uniformity. Data were discarded from only 1.2% of subjects due to poor quality, reflecting the high fidelity of data collection and scoring methods. All sites detected a significant difference in the proportion of correct antisaccades between schizophrenia and comparison subjects (p<.02 at all sites); group differences in gain and latency were less robust. Regression analyses to adjust for the effects of group, site, age, gender, smoking, and parental education on the proportion of correct antisaccades revealed a significant effect of group, site, and age but no effect of gender, smoking, or parental education, and no group-by-site interactions. Intraclass correlations between proportion of correct antisaccades across the blocks of stimuli ranged from 0.87 to 0.93, demonstrating good within-session reliability at sites. These results confirm previous findings of antisaccade deficits in schizophrenia subjects and support the use of the antisaccade task as a potential schizophrenia endophenotype in multi-site genetic studies.
反眼跳任务是一种很有前景的精神分裂症内表型；它随时间稳定，反映了精神分裂症患者及其一级亲属中存在的神经生理缺陷。有意义的基因研究需要大样本量，最好通过多中心研究设计来确定。为了在多中心设计中确立反眼跳任务的效标效度，精神分裂症遗传学联盟（COGS）研究了七个中心是否能检测出先前报道的精神分裂症患者的反眼跳缺陷。研究人员向143名精神分裂症患者和195名对照受试者呈现了3组，每组20个反眼跳刺激。频繁的合作研究者沟通、标准化培训和持续的质量保证优化了测试的一致性。由于质量差，仅1.2%的受试者的数据被舍弃，这反映了数据收集和评分方法的高保真度。所有中心均检测到精神分裂症患者与对照受试者之间正确反眼跳比例存在显著差异（所有中心p<0.02）；增益和潜伏期的组间差异不太显著。对组、中心、年龄、性别、吸烟和父母教育程度对正确反眼跳比例的影响进行回归分析，结果显示组、中心和年龄有显著影响，但性别、吸烟或父母教育程度无影响，且无组×中心交互作用。刺激组间正确反眼跳比例的组内相关系数在0.87至0.93之间，表明各中心在实验过程中的可靠性良好。这些结果证实了先前关于精神分裂症患者反眼跳缺陷的研究发现，并支持在多中心基因研究中使用反眼跳任务作为潜在的精神分裂症内表型。
