Larqué Elvira, Krauss-Etschmann Susanne, Campoy Cristina, Hartl Dominik, Linde Javier, Klingler Mario, Demmelmair Hans, Caño Africa, Gil Angel, Bondy Brigitta, Koletzko Berthold
Division of Metabolic Diseases and Nutritional Medicine, Dr von Hauner Children Hospital, Ludwig Maximilians University of Munich, Munich, Germany.
Am J Clin Nutr. 2006 Oct;84(4):853-61. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/84.4.853.
Better understanding of the mechanisms involved in docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) transfer to the neonate may contribute to improve dietary support for infants born prematurely to mothers with placental lipid transport disorders.
We studied whether DHA supplements modify the messenger RNA (mRNA) expression of placental lipid transport proteins to allow a selective transfer of DHA to the fetus.
Healthy pregnant women (n = 136) received, in a double-blind randomized trial, 500 mg DHA + 150 mg eicosapentaenoic acid, 400 microg 5-methyl-tetrahydrofolic acid, 500 mg DHA + 400 microg 5-methyl-tetrahydrofolic acid, or placebo during the second half of gestation. We analyzed the fatty acid composition of maternal and cord blood phospholipids and of placenta; we quantified placental mRNA expression of fatty acid-transport protein 1 (FATP-1), FATP-4, FATP-6, fatty acid translocase, fatty acid-binding protein (FABP) plasma membrane, heart-FABP, adipocyte-FABP, and brain-FABP.
The mRNA expression of the lipid carriers assayed did not differ significantly between the 4 groups. However, the mRNA expression of FATP-1 and FATP-4 in placenta was correlated with DHA in both maternal plasma and placental phospholipids, although only FATP-4 expression was significantly correlated with DHA in cord blood phospholipids. Additionally, the mRNA expression of several membrane lipid carriers was correlated with EPA and DHA in placental triacylglycerols and with EPA in placental free fatty acids.
Correlation of the mRNA expression of the membrane placental proteins FATP-1 and especially of FATP-4 with maternal and cord DHA leads us to conclude that these lipid carriers are involved in placental transfer of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids.
更好地了解二十二碳六烯酸（DHA）向新生儿转运的机制，可能有助于改善对患有胎盘脂质转运障碍母亲所生早产儿的饮食支持。
我们研究了DHA补充剂是否会改变胎盘脂质转运蛋白的信使核糖核酸（mRNA）表达，从而实现DHA向胎儿的选择性转运。
在一项双盲随机试验中，136名健康孕妇在妊娠后半期分别接受500毫克DHA + 150毫克二十碳五烯酸、400微克5 - 甲基 - 四氢叶酸、500毫克DHA + 400微克5 - 甲基 - 四氢叶酸或安慰剂。我们分析了母体和脐带血磷脂以及胎盘的脂肪酸组成；我们对脂肪酸转运蛋白1（FATP - 1）、FATP - 4、FATP - 6、脂肪酸转位酶、脂肪酸结合蛋白（FABP）质膜、心脏FABP、脂肪细胞FABP和脑FABP的胎盘mRNA表达进行了定量分析。
所检测的脂质载体的mRNA表达在4组之间无显著差异。然而，胎盘FATP - 1和FATP - 4的mRNA表达与母体血浆和胎盘磷脂中的DHA相关，尽管只有FATP - 4的表达与脐带血磷脂中的DHA显著相关。此外，几种膜脂质载体的mRNA表达与胎盘甘油三酯中的EPA和DHA以及胎盘游离脂肪酸中的EPA相关。
胎盘膜蛋白FATP - 1尤其是FATP - 4的mRNA表达与母体和脐带中的DHA相关，这使我们得出结论，这些脂质载体参与长链多不饱和脂肪酸的胎盘转运。
