Niikura Masahiro, Kim Taejoong, Hunt Henry D, Burnside Joan, Morgan Robin W, Dodgson Jerry B, Cheng Hans H
Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.
Virology. 2007 Mar 1;359(1):212-9. doi: 10.1016/j.virol.2006.09.010. Epub 2006 Oct 9.
Many herpesviruses modulate major histocompatibility complex (MHC) expression on the cell surface as an immune evasion mechanism. We report here that Marek's disease virus (MDV), a lymphotrophic avian alphaherpesvirus, up-regulates MHC class II cell surface expression in infected cells, contrary to all other herpesviruses examined to date. This MDV-induced class II up-regulation was detected both in vitro and in vivo. This effect was not solely an indirect effect of interferon, which is a highly potent natural inducer of MHC class II expression, since MHC class II up-regulation in cultured primary fibroblast cells was confined to the infected cells only. MHC class II up-regulation was also observed in infected cells of the bursa of Fabricius during the lytic phase of MDV infection in birds and upon reactivation of MDV from latency in an MDV-transformed cell line. As MDV is a strictly cell-associated virus and requires activated T cells for its life cycle, this up-regulation of MHC class II in infected cells may contribute to virus spread within the infected host by increasing the chance of contact between productively infected cells and susceptible activated T cells.
许多疱疹病毒通过调节细胞表面主要组织相容性复合体（MHC）的表达来作为一种免疫逃避机制。我们在此报告，马立克氏病病毒（MDV），一种嗜淋巴细胞的禽α疱疹病毒，与迄今为止检测的所有其他疱疹病毒相反，它上调感染细胞表面MHC II类分子的表达。这种MDV诱导的II类分子上调在体外和体内均被检测到。这种效应并非仅仅是干扰素（一种高效的MHC II类分子表达天然诱导剂）的间接作用，因为在培养的原代成纤维细胞中，MHC II类分子的上调仅局限于感染细胞。在MDV感染禽类的法氏囊的感染细胞中，在MDV感染的裂解期以及从MDV转化细胞系的潜伏状态重新激活MDV时，也观察到了MHC II类分子的上调。由于MDV是一种严格细胞相关的病毒，其生命周期需要活化的T细胞，感染细胞中MHC II类分子的这种上调可能通过增加有效感染细胞与易感活化T细胞之间接触的机会，促进病毒在感染宿主体内的传播。
