Patel Anand C, Arregui Maurice E
Department of Surgery, St Vincent's Hospital.
Surg Technol Int. 2006;15:23-31.
The purpose of this chapter is to introduce the beginning surgeon ultrasonographer to the use of ultrasound during laparoscopic surgery. The authors routinely use ultrasound in the intraoperative, endoscopic, and office settings. The importance of ultrasound in the various surgical specialties is well documented in the literature. Since the introduction of minimally invasive techniques to General Surgery, many advanced applications of ultrasonography have been developed. Confident examinations of intraabdominal anatomy, pathologic conditions, and therapeutic procedures can readily be performed. In this chapter, a comprehensive introduction to laparoscopic ultrasound is presented to the practicing General Surgeon. The basic equipment requirements and setup are explained. Fundamental techniques of laparoscopic ultrasound examination are described. The authors' method of screening for common bile duct stones during routine laparoscopic cholecystectomy is illustrated. Examination of the normal biliary tree with helpful hints is presented. The authors' systematic technique of visualizing the normal liver parenchyma is described. Common benign and malignant findings are elucidated. A brief synopsis of pancreatic ultrasonography with attention to pathologic findings is provided. Uses of ultrasound in unanticipated situations are introduced. With perseverance, the reader will discover that laparoscopic ultrasound skills can be readily attained.
本章旨在向初涉外科领域的超声检查医师介绍腹腔镜手术中超声的应用。作者在术中、内镜检查及门诊环境中常规使用超声。超声在各个外科专业中的重要性在文献中有充分记载。自从普通外科引入微创技术以来，超声检查已发展出许多先进的应用。可以轻松地对腹内解剖结构、病理状况及治疗过程进行可靠的检查。在本章中，将向执业普通外科医生全面介绍腹腔镜超声。文中解释了基本的设备要求和设置。描述了腹腔镜超声检查的基本技术。阐述了作者在常规腹腔镜胆囊切除术中筛查胆总管结石的方法。介绍了伴有有用提示的正常胆管树检查。描述了作者观察正常肝实质的系统技术。阐明了常见的良性和恶性检查结果。简要概述了胰腺超声检查并关注病理检查结果。介绍了超声在意外情况下的应用。只要有毅力，读者会发现腹腔镜超声技术很容易掌握。
