Conigrave Arthur D, Brown Edward M
School of Molecular and Microbial Biosciences, University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2006 Nov;291(5):G753-61. doi: 10.1152/ajpgi.00189.2006.
The extracellular calcium-sensing receptor (CaR) is a multimodal sensor for several key nutrients, notably Ca2+ ions and L-amino acids, and is expressed abundantly throughout the gastrointestinal tract. While its role as a Ca2+ ion sensor is well recognized, its physiological significance as an L-amino acid sensor and thus, in the gastrointestinal tract, as a sensor of protein ingestion is only now coming to light. This review focuses on the CaR's amino acid sensing properties at both the molecular and cellular levels and considers new and putative physiological roles for the CaR in the amino acid-dependent regulation of gut hormone secretion, epithelial transport, and satiety.
细胞外钙敏感受体（CaR）是几种关键营养素的多模式传感器，尤其是钙离子和L-氨基酸，在整个胃肠道中大量表达。虽然其作为钙离子传感器的作用已得到充分认识，但其作为L-氨基酸传感器的生理意义，进而在胃肠道中作为蛋白质摄入传感器的生理意义，直到现在才开始显现。本文综述聚焦于CaR在分子和细胞水平上的氨基酸传感特性，并探讨了CaR在氨基酸依赖性调节肠道激素分泌、上皮转运和饱腹感方面的新的及假定的生理作用。
