Gionchetti Paolo, Rizzello Fernando, Campieri Massimo
Center for Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Bologna, Italy.
Curr Opin Gastroenterol. 2002 Mar;18(2):235-9. doi: 10.1097/00001574-200203000-00014.
Recent evidence has suggested the potential therapeutic role for probiotics in the prevention or treatment of gastrointestinal diseases. Several studies have shown that probiotics are of benefit in gastrointestinal infections, including viral diarrhea, Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea, traveler's diarrhea, and antibiotic-associated diarrhea. Recent data support the potential beneficial therapeutic effect in inflammatory bowel disease as well. Other possible indications for probiotic treatment include Helicobacter pylori infection, irritable bowel syndrome, and radiotherapy-associated diarrhea. It is important to select well-characterized preparations; in fact, the viability and survival of many available preparations are unproven. More precise information on the mechanisms by which probiotic strains exert their beneficial effects in vivo is needed. This may provide the scientific rationale for the selection of the best probiotic strains to use in the performance of large, double-blind, controlled clinical trials.
近期证据表明益生菌在预防或治疗胃肠道疾病方面具有潜在的治疗作用。多项研究表明，益生菌对胃肠道感染有益，包括病毒性腹泻、艰难梭菌相关性腹泻、旅行者腹泻和抗生素相关性腹泻。近期数据也支持其在炎症性肠病中可能具有的有益治疗效果。益生菌治疗的其他可能适应症包括幽门螺杆菌感染、肠易激综合征和放疗相关性腹泻。选择特征明确的制剂很重要；事实上，许多现有制剂的活力和存活率尚未得到证实。需要更多关于益生菌菌株在体内发挥有益作用机制的精确信息。这可能为选择最佳益生菌菌株用于大型双盲对照临床试验提供科学依据。
