Gras M Eugenia, Cunill Monica, Sullman Mark J M, Planes Montserrat, Aymerich Maria, Font-Mayolas Silvia
Quality of Life Research Institute, Department of Psychology, University of Girona, Emili Grahit, 77 17071 Girona, Spain.
Accid Anal Prev. 2007 Mar;39(2):347-55. doi: 10.1016/j.aap.2006.08.006. Epub 2006 Oct 10.
A number of epidemiological studies have reported drivers who use a mobile phone while driving have an elevated risk of being involved in a crash. This is particularly concerning as a survey of drivers in the Spanish region of Catalunya found that approximately 87% own mobile phones. The present study investigated the reported frequency of mobile phone use on Spanish roads (for talking and using SMS), the characteristics of the drivers who use mobile phones while driving and whether they altered their driving behaviour when using a mobile phone. The research found that more than 60% use a mobile phone while driving and that the phone is mostly used for making calls, rather than using SMS. In general, males and females use mobile phones about the same reported frequency, although males were more likely to use a mobile phone to talk on the highway. The pattern for age was the same for both male and female participants, with the younger drivers using SMS more frequently than older drivers. On urban roads almost half of the drivers reported changing their driving behaviour when using a mobile phone, while on the highway this figure was slightly over 41%. The reported frequency of using a mobile phone to talk on urban roads was significantly correlated with crash involvement. However, this affect disappeared once the contributions of the demographic and descriptive variables had been partialled out.
多项流行病学研究报告称，开车时使用手机的司机发生撞车事故的风险更高。这一点尤其令人担忧，因为对西班牙加泰罗尼亚地区司机的一项调查发现，约87%的司机拥有手机。本研究调查了西班牙道路上报告的手机使用频率（用于通话和发送短信）、开车时使用手机的司机的特征，以及他们在使用手机时是否改变了驾驶行为。研究发现，超过60%的司机开车时使用手机，且手机大多用于打电话，而非发送短信。总体而言，男性和女性报告的手机使用频率大致相同，不过男性在高速公路上更有可能使用手机通话。男性和女性参与者的年龄模式相同，年轻司机发送短信的频率高于年长司机。在城市道路上，近一半的司机报告称使用手机时会改变驾驶行为，而在高速公路上这一比例略高于41%。在城市道路上报告的使用手机通话的频率与撞车事故发生率显著相关。然而，一旦剔除人口统计学和描述性变量的影响，这种关联就消失了。
