McEvoy Suzanne P, Stevenson Mark R, McCartt Anne T, Woodward Mark, Haworth Claire, Palamara Peter, Cercarelli Rina
The George Institute for International Health, University of Sydney, PO Box M201, Sydney, NSW 2050, Australia.
BMJ. 2005 Aug 20;331(7514):428. doi: 10.1136/bmj.38537.397512.55. Epub 2005 Jul 12.
To explore the effect of drivers' use of mobile (cell) phones on road safety.
A case-crossover study.
Perth, Western Australia.
456 drivers aged > or = 17 years who owned or used mobile phones and had been involved in road crashes necessitating hospital attendance between April 2002 and July 2004.
Driver's use of mobile phone at estimated time of crash and on trips at the same time of day in the week before the crash. Interviews with drivers in hospital and phone company's records of phone use.
Driver's use of a mobile phone up to 10 minutes before a crash was associated with a fourfold increased likelihood of crashing (odds ratio 4.1, 95% confidence interval 2.2 to 7.7, P < 0.001). Risk was raised irrespective of whether or not a hands-free device was used (hands-free: 3.8, 1.8 to 8.0, P < 0.001; hand held: 4.9, 1.6 to 15.5, P = 0.003). Increased risk was similar in men and women and in drivers aged > or = 30 and < 30 years. A third (n = 21) of calls before crashes and on trips during the previous week were reportedly on hand held phones.
When drivers use a mobile phone there is an increased likelihood of a crash resulting in injury. Using a hands-free phone is not any safer.
探讨驾驶员使用移动电话对道路安全的影响。
病例交叉研究。
西澳大利亚州珀斯。
456名年龄大于或等于17岁的驾驶员，他们拥有或使用移动电话，且在2002年4月至2004年7月期间因道路交通事故而需住院治疗。
在估计的撞车时间以及撞车事故前一周同一天的出行过程中驾驶员使用移动电话的情况。对住院驾驶员进行访谈，并查阅电话公司的电话使用记录。
撞车事故前10分钟内使用移动电话的驾驶员发生撞车事故的可能性增加了四倍（优势比4.1，95%置信区间2.2至7.7，P<0.001）。无论是否使用免提设备，风险都会增加（免提设备：3.8，1.8至8.0，P<0.001；手持电话：4.9，1.6至15.5，P=0.003）。男性和女性以及年龄大于或等于30岁和小于30岁的驾驶员中，风险增加情况相似。据报告，撞车事故前以及前一周出行过程中的电话通话有三分之一（n=21）是使用手持电话。
当驾驶员使用移动电话时，发生导致受伤的撞车事故的可能性会增加。使用免提电话并不会更安全。
