Stoeckel Luke E, Cox James E, Cook Edwin W, Weller Rosalyn E
Department of Psychology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, 415 Campbell Hall, 1530 3rd Avenue South AL 35294-1170, USA.
Appetite. 2007 Mar;48(2):139-44. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2006.07.079. Epub 2006 Oct 10.
We investigated visual alimentary alliesthesia in non-fasted (N = 369) and fasted participants (N = 257) viewing photographs of food. Fasted participants were asked to not eat for 12 h before the session. Each participant was shown food and non-food images and rated each image on valence (i.e., pleasantness). The strongest evidence of alliesthesia was found in women. Fasting enhanced the pleasantness of food images for each of the food categories in women, although this alliesthesia effect was smaller in response to dessert foods compared to the less-pleasantly-rated food categories. In addition, non-fasting women exhibited significant positive correlations between hunger ratings and valence ratings of three of the five food categories. There was no significant difference in valence ratings of food between fasting vs. non-fasting men, but non-fasting men showed correlations between hunger and valence that were similar to those observed among the women. No evidence was found of hunger- or fasting-induced enhancement of hedonic ratings of non-foods in women or men, indicating the specificity of the alliesthesia effect for the food images only.
我们对非禁食参与者（N = 369）和禁食参与者（N = 257）观看食物照片时的视觉饮食变应性进行了研究。禁食参与者被要求在实验前12小时内不进食。向每位参与者展示食物和非食物图像，并让他们对每张图像的效价（即愉悦度）进行评分。变应性的最有力证据在女性中被发现。禁食增强了女性对各类食物图像的愉悦度，尽管与愉悦度评分较低的食物类别相比，这种变应性效应在对甜点食物的反应中较小。此外，非禁食女性在五个食物类别中的三个类别中，饥饿评分与效价评分之间呈现出显著的正相关。禁食男性和非禁食男性对食物的效价评分没有显著差异，但非禁食男性饥饿与效价之间的相关性与在女性中观察到的相似。未发现女性或男性中饥饿或禁食导致对非食物的享乐评分增强的证据，这表明变应性效应仅针对食物图像具有特异性。
