Cronin Aidan A, Breslin Ned, Gibson James, Pedley Steve
Robens Centre for Public and Environmental Health, Building AW Floor 2, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey GU2 7XH, UK.
J Water Health. 2006 Sep;4(3):333-45. doi: 10.2166/wh.2006.029.
Microbiological water quality monitoring in Niassa province, Northern Mozambique, shows groundwater is not, in general, grossly contaminated though contamination levels are strongly linked to season and to risks observable at the wellhead, especially risks dealing with wellhead hygiene and maintenance. Diarrhea incidence, in general, is greatest in the rainy season suggesting poor wellhead protection as a potential mechanism for well contamination. Comparison of source water and stored water in the home shows that significant deterioration in source water quality can occur once transport and storage in the home is undertaken but that this deterioration is also related to the quality of the source water. This study shows that a structured approach to water quality monitoring, with targeted observations and an examination of the relationships between risk and water quality, is important to identify the priority interventions to be undertaken.
莫桑比克北部尼亚萨省的微生物水质监测表明，尽管污染水平与季节以及井口处可观察到的风险（尤其是与井口卫生和维护相关的风险）密切相关，但总体而言，地下水并未受到严重污染。一般来说，腹泻发病率在雨季最高，这表明井口保护不善可能是井水受污染的一个潜在原因。对家庭中的源水和储存水进行比较后发现，源水一旦经过家庭运输和储存，水质会出现显著恶化，但这种恶化也与源水的质量有关。这项研究表明，采用结构化的水质监测方法，进行有针对性的观察并研究风险与水质之间的关系，对于确定需要采取的优先干预措施非常重要。
