Peek H W, Landman W J M
Animal Health Service Ltd., Poultry Health Centre, P.O. Box 9, 7400 AA, Deventer, The Netherlands.
Avian Dis. 2006 Sep;50(3):434-9. doi: 10.1637/7486-121205R.1.
Twenty European Eimeria spp. field isolates were subjected to an anticoccidial sensitivity test (AST). The anticoccidial drugs tested were diclazuril (Clinacox) and monensin (Elancoban). The assay was performed in a battery cage trial. Infected medicated birds were compared with an unmedicated control group. Coccidial lesion scores and oocyst shedding were used as parameters. The results of the AST show that resistance is common amongst coccidiosis field isolates, especially Eimeria acervulina (68% and 53% resistance for diclazuril and monensin, respectively). Resistance is less frequent amongst Eimeria maxima (38% and 50% resistance for diclazuril and monensin, respectively) and Eimeria tenella isolates (23% and 38% resistance for diclazuril and monensin, respectively). A highly significant influence of the coccidiosis prevention program (live coccidiosis vaccination with Paracox-5 vs. anticoccidial drugs in feed) on the sensitivity patterns of Eimeria spp. field isolates for both diclazuril (P= 0.000) and monensin (P= 0.001) was found. Further, when looking at the single species and each anticoccidial drug level, significantly more sensitivity of E. acervulina for monensin (P= 0.018), E. maxima for diclazuril (P = 0.009), and E. tenella for diclazuril (P = 0.007) was found in isolates originating from vaccinated flocks. Moreover, for E. acervulina and diclazuril, E. maxima and monensin, and E. tenella and monensin a trend toward higher sensitivity of isolates for these products was found when live coccidiosis vaccination was applied. The present study shows that sensitivity for the anticoccidial drugs diclazuril and monensin is more frequent in Eimeria spp. field isolates originating from broiler farms where a coccidiosis vaccination policy is followed.
对20株欧洲艾美耳球虫属田间分离株进行了抗球虫敏感性试验（AST）。所测试的抗球虫药物为地克珠利（Clinacox）和莫能菌素（Elancoban）。该试验在层笼试验中进行。将感染并用药的鸡与未用药的对照组进行比较。以球虫病变评分和卵囊排出量作为参数。抗球虫敏感性试验结果表明，球虫病田间分离株中耐药情况普遍，尤其是堆型艾美耳球虫（地克珠利和莫能菌素的耐药率分别为68%和53%）。巨型艾美耳球虫（地克珠利和莫能菌素的耐药率分别为38%和50%）和柔嫩艾美耳球虫分离株（地克珠利和莫能菌素的耐药率分别为23%和38%）中的耐药情况较少见。发现球虫病预防方案（使用Paracox-5进行活球虫病疫苗接种与在饲料中添加抗球虫药物）对艾美耳球虫属田间分离株对地克珠利（P = 0.000）和莫能菌素（P = 0.001）的敏感性模式有极显著影响。此外，当观察单个虫种和每种抗球虫药物水平时，发现来自接种疫苗鸡群的分离株中，堆型艾美耳球虫对莫能菌素（P = 0.018）、巨型艾美耳球虫对地克珠利（P = 0.009）以及柔嫩艾美耳球虫对地克珠利（P = 0.007）的敏感性显著更高。此外，对于堆型艾美耳球虫和地克珠利、巨型艾美耳球虫和莫能菌素以及柔嫩艾美耳球虫和莫能菌素，当采用活球虫病疫苗接种时发现分离株对这些产品有更高敏感性的趋势。本研究表明，在遵循球虫病疫苗接种政策的肉鸡场的艾美耳球虫属田间分离株中，对抗球虫药物地克珠利和莫能菌素的敏感性更为常见。
