Johnsen G, Kruse H, Hofshagen M
National Veterinary Institute, Oslo, Norway.
J Appl Microbiol. 2006 Nov;101(5):1130-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2006.02995.x.
To investigate the genetic diversity of Campylobacter in broilers and in the environment of broiler farms, to compare the genetic profiles and describe critical factors for transmission to broilers.
Flocks at three of four investigated farms became colonized with Campylobacter. The total proportion of Campylobacter-positive samples at different farms varied from 20% to 42%. The farm with the poorest biosecurity routines had broilers that became infected earliest, the highest proportion of positive samples and the highest genetic diversity among the broiler Campylobacter isolates. Campylobacter isolates within common amplified-fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) clusters (95-100%) were found to be present in outdoor environment and in broilers at adjacent farms before they were found in the broilers. A large presence of Campylobacter in the farm environment was demonstrated after the broilers were infected. A high genetic diversity was found among Campylobacter present in the outdoor environment, where certain Campylobacter clusters were found for periods of up to 6 weeks.
Confirmation by AFLP indicates adjacent poultry farms and outdoor environment as major sources of Campylobacter infection of broilers, this being the novel achievements.
The results provide more exact knowledge on transmission of Campylobacter at farm level, helpful for developing optimal preventive strategies.
调查肉鸡及肉鸡养殖场环境中弯曲杆菌的遗传多样性，比较其基因图谱并描述向肉鸡传播的关键因素。
在四个被调查养殖场中的三个，鸡群感染了弯曲杆菌。不同养殖场弯曲杆菌阳性样本的总比例在20%至42%之间变化。生物安全措施最差的养殖场，其肉鸡最早被感染，阳性样本比例最高，且肉鸡弯曲杆菌分离株的遗传多样性最高。在常见的扩增片段长度多态性（AFLP）聚类（95 - 100%）内的弯曲杆菌分离株，在相邻养殖场的户外环境和肉鸡中被发现，之后才在肉鸡中被发现。肉鸡被感染后，养殖场环境中出现了大量的弯曲杆菌。在户外环境中的弯曲杆菌具有高度的遗传多样性，某些弯曲杆菌聚类存在长达6周的时间。
AFLP验证表明相邻家禽养殖场和户外环境是肉鸡弯曲杆菌感染的主要来源，这是新的发现。
研究结果为农场层面弯曲杆菌的传播提供了更准确的认识，有助于制定最佳预防策略。
