González-Blanch César, Crespo-Facorro Benedicto, Alvarez-Jiménez Mario, Rodríguez-Sánchez José Manuel, Pelayo-Terán José María, Pérez-Iglesias Rocío, Vázquez-Barquero José Luis
Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Santander, Spain.
J Psychiatr Res. 2007 Dec;41(11):968-77. doi: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2006.08.009. Epub 2006 Oct 17.
The severity and pattern of cognitive deficits in epidemiological cohorts of patients with first-episode schizophrenia spectrum disorders still remains unclear. We aimed to characterize the basic cognitive functioning of a representative sample of patients with a first-episode schizophrenia spectrum disorders.
One hundred thirty-one patients experiencing first-episode psychosis and 28 healthy volunteers were administered a comprehensive neuropsychological evaluation. To reduce the number of cognitive test measures into meaningful cognitive dimensions, before analyzing differences between patient and healthy volunteer samples, exploratory factor analysis was carried out on data collected in patients group. The method of extraction was Principal Components Analysis with oblique rotation.
An eight-factor model including verbal learning/memory, verbal comprehensive abilities, speed of processing/executive functioning, motor dexterity, motor speed, sustained attention, and impulsivity emerged. A significant below average performance in all cognitive dimensions, except impulsivity, was found. Patient's performance in speed of processing/executive functioning, motor dexterity and sustained attention dimensions exceeded one standard deviation below healthy comparison subjects.
At early stages of the illness, patients display a marked impairment in several functionally relevant cognitive domains.
首发精神分裂症谱系障碍患者流行病学队列中认知缺陷的严重程度和模式仍不明确。我们旨在描述首发精神分裂症谱系障碍患者代表性样本的基本认知功能。
对131例首发精神病患者和28名健康志愿者进行了全面的神经心理学评估。为了将认知测试指标数量缩减为有意义的认知维度，在分析患者样本与健康志愿者样本之间的差异之前，对患者组收集的数据进行了探索性因素分析。提取方法为主成分分析并进行斜交旋转。
出现了一个八因素模型，包括言语学习/记忆、言语综合能力、加工速度/执行功能、运动敏捷性、运动速度、持续注意力和冲动性。除冲动性外，所有认知维度均表现出显著低于平均水平。患者在加工速度/执行功能、运动敏捷性和持续注意力维度的表现比健康对照受试者低超过一个标准差。
在疾病早期，患者在几个功能相关的认知领域表现出明显损害。
