Jensen Helen H
Department of Economics, Iowa State University, 578 Heady Hall, Ames, IA 50011, USA.
Mar Pollut Bull. 2006;53(10-12):591-8. doi: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2006.08.014. Epub 2006 Oct 16.
Consumers world-wide are driving changes in the agriculture and food sector. Rising consumer income, changing demographics and lifestyles, and shifting preferences due to new information about the links between diet and health all contribute to new demands for foods. At the same time, technological changes in production, processing and distribution, growth in large-scale retailing, and changes in product availability, as well as expansion of trade world wide, have contributed to a rapidly changing market for food products. Changes in seafood consumption reflect these changes. The changes in consumer consumption patterns, new technologies and trade in product offer both expanded markets as well as new challenges to consumer exposure to food-borne risks. The strict quality control requirements of retail brokers, growth of private labels, and development of value-protecting marketing channels have become increasingly important in food markets. This paper addresses major trends that affect seafood consumption and the market for seafood products and the implications of these changes for consumer risk exposure to food safety hazards. The current economic environment highlights similarities and differences between the developed and developing countries, as well as diversity worldwide in consumption of seafood. Within this context, four major trends affect consumer consumption of foods, including seafood and fish products today: rising income; changing demographics; changing markets for food; and an increasingly global market for food products. Changes in consumer risk exposure to food safety problems are addressed in the context of these trends.
全球消费者正在推动农业和食品行业的变革。消费者收入的增加、人口结构和生活方式的变化，以及由于饮食与健康之间联系的新信息而导致的偏好转变，都促使了对食品的新需求。与此同时，生产、加工和分销方面的技术变革、大型零售业的发展、产品可得性的变化以及全球贸易的扩张，都促成了食品市场的迅速变化。海产品消费的变化反映了这些变化。消费者消费模式、新技术以及产品贸易的变化，既为市场带来了扩张机遇，也给消费者面临食源性风险带来了新挑战。零售经纪商严格的质量控制要求、自有品牌的增长以及注重价值保护的营销渠道的发展，在食品市场中变得越来越重要。本文探讨了影响海产品消费和海产品市场的主要趋势，以及这些变化对消费者面临食品安全危害风险的影响。当前的经济环境凸显了发达国家和发展中国家之间的异同，以及全球海产品消费的多样性。在此背景下，有四大趋势影响着包括海产品和鱼类产品在内的食品的消费者消费：收入增加；人口结构变化；食品市场变化；以及食品产品的全球市场日益扩大。本文将在这些趋势的背景下探讨消费者面临食品安全问题风险的变化。
