De Silva Don Julian, Cocker Ken D, Lau Gordon, Clay Simon T, Fielder Alistair R, Moseley Merrick J
Department of Ophthalmology, Western Eye Hospital, London, United Kingdom.
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2006 Nov;47(11):4683-6. doi: 10.1167/iovs.06-0152.
Few studies have assessed optic disk and retinal morphology in infants. Here the optic disk and optic disk-to-fovea distance were measured in preterm and full-term infants in vivo.
Optic disk (OD) dimensions and the center-to-center distance between the OD and the macula were measured using digital imaging in infants undergoing routine ophthalmic examinations. Postmenstrual age of the mother at the time of examination ranged from 32 to 50 weeks. From each image, the OD-to-fovea distance (ODF) and the OD height (ODH) and OD width (ODW) were measured.
In 51 retinal images from 51 infants, mean +/- SD values obtained were 4.4 +/- 0.4 mm (ODF), 1.41 +/- 0.1 9 mm (ODH), and 1.05 +/- 0.13 mm (ODW). These dimensions did not change significantly over the age range studied. The mean value for the ratio between ODF and mean OD diameter (ODF/DD) was 3.76.
Results of this in vivo study suggest that though the optic nerve head diameter increases by more than 50%, only limited growth occurs at the highly organized area of the posterior pole from birth to adulthood. This study discusses the finding of a large-angle kappa in infants and the use of a disk macula/disk diameter ratio in the diagnosis of optic nerve hypoplasia.
很少有研究评估婴儿的视盘和视网膜形态。在此，对早产儿和足月儿的视盘及视盘至黄斑中心凹的距离进行了活体测量。
在接受常规眼科检查的婴儿中，使用数字成像测量视盘（OD）尺寸以及视盘与黄斑中心之间的中心距。检查时母亲的月经龄范围为32至50周。从每张图像中测量视盘至黄斑中心凹距离（ODF）、视盘高度（ODH）和视盘宽度（ODW）。
在来自51名婴儿的51张视网膜图像中，获得的平均值±标准差分别为4.4±0.4毫米（ODF）、1.41±0.19毫米（ODH）和1.05±0.13毫米（ODW）。在研究的年龄范围内，这些尺寸没有显著变化。ODF与平均视盘直径之比（ODF/DD）的平均值为3.76。
这项活体研究结果表明，尽管视神经乳头直径增加超过50%，但从出生到成年，后极高度组织化区域仅发生有限的生长。本研究讨论了婴儿大角度kappa角的发现以及视盘黄斑/视盘直径比在视神经发育不全诊断中的应用。
