Volz Kirsten G, Schooler Lael J, Schubotz Ricarda I, Raab Markus, Gigerenzer Gerd, von Cramon D Yves
Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany.
J Cogn Neurosci. 2006 Nov;18(11):1924-36. doi: 10.1162/jocn.2006.18.11.1924.
When ranking two alternatives by some criteria and only one of the alternatives is recognized, participants overwhelmingly adopt the strategy, termed the recognition heuristic (RH), of choosing the recognized alternative. Understanding the neural correlates underlying decisions that follow the RH could help determine whether people make judgments about the RH's applicability or simply choose the recognized alternative. We measured brain activity by using functional magnetic resonance imaging while participants indicated which of two cities they thought was larger (Experiment 1) or which city they recognized (Experiment 2). In Experiment 1, increased activation was observed within the anterior frontomedian cortex (aFMC), precuneus, and retrosplenial cortex when participants followed the RH compared to when they did not. Experiment 2 revealed that RH decisional processes cannot be reduced to recognition memory processes. As the aFMC has previously been associated with self-referential judgments, we conclude that RH decisional processes involve an assessment about the applicability of the RH.
当根据某些标准对两个选项进行排序且只有其中一个选项被识别时，参与者绝大多数会采用一种策略，即选择被识别的选项，这种策略被称为识别启发式（RH）。了解遵循RH的决策背后的神经关联，有助于确定人们是对RH的适用性进行判断，还是仅仅选择被识别的选项。我们在参与者指出他们认为两个城市中哪个更大（实验1）或他们识别出哪个城市（实验2）时，使用功能磁共振成像测量大脑活动。在实验1中，与不遵循RH时相比，当参与者遵循RH时，在前额中回前部皮质（aFMC）、楔前叶和压后皮质中观察到激活增加。实验2表明，RH决策过程不能简化为识别记忆过程。由于aFMC此前已与自我参照判断相关联，我们得出结论，RH决策过程涉及对RH适用性的评估。
