Norley S G, Kurth R
Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, Langen, Germany.
Infection. 1991;19 Suppl 2:S83-8. doi: 10.1007/BF01644473.
Until recently, much of the effort put into development of an AIDS vaccine has focussed on the elicitation of a neutralizing antibody response. The viral target of neutralization, HIV envelope glycoprotein, has been produced in bulk through recombinant techniques, but has had little success as a vaccine. The specific epitopes to which neutralizing antibodies bind have been mapped, and although the major epitope is hypervariable, others are conserved. This allows the design of second generation vaccines. Meanwhile, vaccine studies in the SIV animal model simply using inactivated virus as immunogen have demonstrated that an effective vaccine is at least possible. A variety of HIV vaccine preparations are now under investigation and the outlook for the future is promising.
直到最近，开发艾滋病疫苗的大部分努力都集中在引发中和抗体反应上。中和作用的病毒靶点——HIV包膜糖蛋白，已通过重组技术大量生产，但作为疫苗却收效甚微。中和抗体所结合的特异性表位已被定位，尽管主要表位高度可变，但其他表位是保守的。这使得第二代疫苗的设计成为可能。与此同时，在SIV动物模型中仅使用灭活病毒作为免疫原的疫苗研究表明，至少有可能研制出有效的疫苗。目前正在对多种HIV疫苗制剂进行研究，未来前景乐观。
